Laboratory of Inflammation and Allergy, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China; Gynecology and Breast Disease Treatment Center (Breast Surgery) of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China.
Department of Reproductive Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China.
Chemosphere. 2020 Aug;253:126707. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126707. Epub 2020 Apr 9.
Bisphenol A (BPA) is gradually being replaced by presumably safer analogues such as bisphenol S (BPS), bisphenol F (BPF), and bisphenol AF (BPAF), due to its toxic, endocrine disrupting and possible carcinogenic effects. Although these bisphenols are widely used to produce a variety of everyday household items, the effects of BPA and its analogues on oxidative stress and cellular energy metabolism of the female reproductive system are still poorly understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate the oxidative stress, biomacromolecular damage and changes in calcium ion (Ca) levels induced by BPA and its substitutes on KGN cells, which are maintain physiological characteristics of ovarian granulosa cells. We have observed that BPA and BPAF significantly reduced the viability of KGN cells, while BPS and BPF exhibited a slight toxic effect on the cells. The levels of intracellular ROS production and antioxidant capacity were significantly increased and decreased, respectively, in KGN cells after treatment with high concentrations of BPA and its analogues. In addition, we found that the damage to biomacromolecules, which are the main targets of oxidative stress was significantly increased after treatment with BPA, BPS, BPF, and BPAF. The intracellular Ca levels in KGN cells were significantly increased after exposure to high concentrations of BPA and BPAF, respectively. These results suggest that BPA and its analogues may play different roles in regulating the biologic functions of granulosa cells and the process of ovarian follicular development.
双酚 A（BPA）由于其毒性、内分泌干扰和潜在致癌作用，正逐渐被推测更安全的类似物如双酚 S（BPS）、双酚 F（BPF）和双酚 AF（BPAF）所取代。尽管这些双酚类化合物被广泛用于生产各种日常家居用品，但 BPA 及其类似物对女性生殖系统氧化应激和细胞能量代谢的影响仍知之甚少。本研究旨在评估 BPA 及其替代品对 KGN 细胞（维持卵巢颗粒细胞生理特性的细胞）的氧化应激、生物大分子损伤和钙离子（Ca）水平变化的影响。我们观察到 BPA 和 BPAF 显著降低了 KGN 细胞的活力，而 BPS 和 BPF 对细胞仅有轻微的毒性作用。在高浓度 BPA 及其类似物处理后，KGN 细胞内 ROS 产生和抗氧化能力分别显著增加和减少。此外，我们发现 BPA、BPS、BPF 和 BPAF 处理后生物大分子（氧化应激的主要靶标）的损伤明显增加。KGN 细胞内 Ca 水平在暴露于高浓度 BPA 和 BPAF 后分别显著增加。这些结果表明，BPA 及其类似物可能在调节颗粒细胞的生物学功能和卵巢卵泡发育过程中发挥不同的作用。
