Texture based localization of a brain tumor from MR-images by using a machine learning approach.

In this paper, a machine learning approach was used for brain tumour localization on FLAIR scans of magnetic resonance images (MRI). The multi-modal brain images dataset (BraTs 2012) was used, that is a skull stripped and co-registered. In order to remove the noise, bilateral filtering is applied and then texton-map images are created by using the Gabor filter bank. From the texton-map, the image is segmented out into superpixel and then the low-level features are extracted: the first order intensity statistical features and also calculates the histogram level of texton-map at each superpixel level. There is a significant contribution here that the low features are not too much significant for the localization of brain tumour from MR images, but we have to make them meaningful by integrating features with the texton-map images at the region level approach. Then these features which are provided later to classifier for the prediction of three classes: background, tumour and non-tumour region, and used the labels for computation of two different areas (i.e. complete tumour and non-tumour). A Leave-one-out (LOOCV) cross validation technique is applied and achieves the dice overlap score of 88% for the whole tumour area localization, which is similar to the declared score in MICCAI BraTS challenge. This brain tumour localization approach using the textonmap image based on superpixel features illustrates the equivalent performance with other contemporary techniques. Recently, medical hypothesis generation by using autonomous computer based systems in disease diagnosis have given the great contribution in medical diagnosis.