Hunan Institute of Microbiology, Changsha 410009, China.
State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, No.2 Yuan-Ming-Yuan West Road, Beijing 100193, China.
Biomolecules. 2020 Apr 10;10(4):584. doi: 10.3390/biom10040584.
Since the pioneering work of Carl Woese, Archaea have fascinated biologists of almost all areas given their unique evolutionary status, wide distribution, high diversity, and ability to grow in special environments. Archaea often thrive in extreme conditions such as high temperature, high/low pH, high salinity, and anoxic ecosystems. All of these are threats to the stability and proper functioning of biological molecules, especially proteins and nucleic acids. Post-translational modifications (PTMs), such as phosphorylation, methylation, acetylation, and glycosylation, are reportedly widespread in Archaea and represent a critical adaptive mechanism to extreme habitats. Here, we summarize our current understanding of the contributions of PTMs to aid in extremophile survival, with a particular focus on the maintenance of genome stability.
自从卡尔·沃斯（Carl Woese）的开创性工作以来，由于其独特的进化地位、广泛的分布、高度的多样性以及在特殊环境中生长的能力，古菌吸引了几乎所有领域的生物学家。古菌通常在极端条件下茁壮成长，例如高温、高/低 pH 值、高盐度和缺氧生态系统。所有这些都对生物分子（尤其是蛋白质和核酸）的稳定性和正常功能构成威胁。据报道，翻译后修饰（PTMs），如磷酸化、甲基化、乙酰化和糖基化，在古菌中广泛存在，是适应极端生境的关键机制。在这里，我们总结了我们对 PTMs 促进极端微生物生存的贡献的理解，特别关注基因组稳定性的维持。
