Zhang Laetitia X, Koroma Fatima, Fofana Mohammed Lamine, Barry Alpha Oumar, Diallo Sadio, Lamilé Songbono Joseph, Stokes-Walters Ronald, Klemm Rolf D, Nordhagen Stella, Winch Peter J
Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
Helen Keller International, New York, NY 10017, USA.
Foods. 2020 Apr 10;9(4):479. doi: 10.3390/foods9040479.
The number of people engaged in artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM) has grown rapidly in the past twenty years, but they continue to be an understudied population experiencing high rates of malnutrition, poverty, and food insecurity. This paper explores how characteristics of markets that serve ASM populations facilitate and pose challenges to acquiring a nutritious and sustainable diet. The study sites included eight markets across four mining districts in the Kankan Region in the Republic of Guinea. Market descriptions to capture the structure of village markets, as well as twenty in-depth structured interviews with food vendors at mining site markets were conducted. We identified three forms of market organization based on location and distance from mining sites. Markets located close to mining sites offered fewer fruit and vegetable options, as well as a higher ratio of prepared food options as compared with markets located close to village centers. Vendors were highly responsive to customer needs. Food accessibility and utilization, rather than availability, are critical for food security in non-agricultural rural areas such as mining sites. Future market-based nutrition interventions need to consider the diverse market settings serving ASM communities and leverage the high vendor responsiveness to customer needs.
在过去二十年中，从事个体和小规模采矿（ASM）的人数迅速增长，但他们仍然是一个研究不足的群体，面临着高营养不良率、贫困和粮食不安全问题。本文探讨了服务于个体和小规模采矿人群的市场特征如何促进以及对获取营养和可持续饮食构成挑战。研究地点包括几内亚共和国康康地区四个矿区的八个市场。对村庄市场的结构进行了市场描述，并对矿区市场的食品摊贩进行了二十次深入的结构化访谈。我们根据与矿区的位置和距离确定了三种市场组织形式。与靠近村庄中心的市场相比，靠近矿区的市场提供的水果和蔬菜选择较少，预制食品选择的比例较高。摊贩对客户需求反应强烈。在矿区等非农业农村地区，粮食的可及性和利用率而非可得性对粮食安全至关重要。未来基于市场的营养干预措施需要考虑服务于个体和小规模采矿社区的多样化市场环境，并利用摊贩对客户需求的高度响应性。
