Dalmaso Mario, Castelli Luigi, Galfano Giovanni
Dipartimento di Psicologia dello Sviluppo e della Socializzazione, Università degli Studi di Padova, Padova, Italy.
Psychon Bull Rev. 2020 Oct;27(5):833-855. doi: 10.3758/s13423-020-01730-x.
Humans tend to shift attention according to others' eye-gaze direction. This is a core ability as it permits to create pervasive relationships among individuals and with the environment around them. In the beginning, this form of social orienting was considered a reflexive phenomenon, but in recent years evidence has shown that it is also permeable to several social factors related to the observer, the individual depicted in the cueing face, and the relationship between them. The major goal of this work is to provide a comprehensive overview concerning the role that social variables can play in shaping covert gaze cueing in healthy adults, critically examining both the modulatory social factors for which evidence is more robust and those for which evidence is mixed. When available, overt attention studies will also be discussed. Finally, a novel theoretical framework linking these social and attention domains will be also introduced.
人类倾向于根据他人的目光注视方向转移注意力。这是一项核心能力，因为它有助于在个体之间以及个体与周围环境之间建立广泛的联系。起初，这种社会定向形式被认为是一种反射现象，但近年来有证据表明，它也会受到一些与观察者、提示面孔中描绘的个体以及他们之间的关系相关的社会因素的影响。这项工作的主要目标是全面概述社会变量在塑造健康成年人隐蔽注视线索方面可能发挥的作用，批判性地审视证据较为确凿的调节性社会因素以及证据不一的因素。如有可用信息，还将讨论公开注意力研究。最后，还将引入一个将这些社会和注意力领域联系起来的新理论框架。
