Lucas Edralin A, Yuhas Maryam, White Kayla, Perkins-Veazie Penelope, Beebe Maureen, Peterson Sandra, Payton Mark E, Smith Brenda J
Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA.
Department of Horticultural Science, North Carolina State University Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA.
Prev Nutr Food Sci. 2020 Mar 31;25(1):41-49. doi: 10.3746/pnf.2020.25.1.41.
This study investigated the effects of two doses of freeze-dried watermelon (WM) on bone and lipid parameters in ovariectomized (OVX) mice, a model of post-menopausal osteoporosis. Three-month-old C57BL/6 female mice (n=46) were sham-operated (SHAM) or OVX and randomly assigned to the control or WM diets for 12 weeks: SHAM-control, OVX-control, OVX+1%, or 10% (wt/wt) freeze-dried WM. All diets were isocaloric and isonitrogenous, and had the same calcium and phosphorus concentrations. Freeze-dried WM supplementation was not able to prevent the decrease in whole body, tibial, and lumbar bone mineral density due to estrogen deficiency. Micro-computed tomography analyses showed that WM was also not able to modulate changes in tibial trabecular and cortical bone microarchitecture due to ovariectomy. However, the lumbar trabecular micro-architecture analyses revealed that the WM-10% group had a similar connectivity density, trabecular number, trabecular separation, and structure model index as the SHAM group. Supplementation with 10% WM reduced plasma cholesterol and total liver lipids to the level of the SHAM group but was still similar to that of the OVX-control group. Supplementation with 10% WM increased liver catalase (CAT) mRNA levels but had no effects on mRNA levels of glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6. There were no differences in plasma activity of the antioxidant enzymes GPX and CAT between all treatment groups. Our findings demonstrate some positive effects of watermelon for modulating lipids and attenuating lumbar vertebral bone loss arising from ovarian hormone deficiency.
本研究调查了两种剂量的冻干西瓜（WM）对去卵巢（OVX）小鼠（一种绝经后骨质疏松模型）的骨骼和脂质参数的影响。将3个月大的C57BL/6雌性小鼠（n = 46）进行假手术（SHAM）或去卵巢手术，并随机分配至对照或WM饮食组，持续12周：SHAM-对照、OVX-对照、OVX + 1%或10%（重量/重量）冻干WM。所有饮食均为等热量、等氮量，且钙和磷浓度相同。补充冻干WM未能预防因雌激素缺乏导致的全身、胫骨和腰椎骨矿物质密度的降低。显微计算机断层扫描分析表明，WM也无法调节因去卵巢导致的胫骨小梁和皮质骨微结构的变化。然而，腰椎小梁微结构分析显示，10% WM组的连通性密度、小梁数量、小梁间距和结构模型指数与SHAM组相似。补充10% WM可将血浆胆固醇和肝脏总脂质水平降低至SHAM组水平，但仍与OVX-对照组相似。补充10% WM可增加肝脏过氧化氢酶（CAT）mRNA水平，但对谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPX）和促炎细胞因子白细胞介素-6的mRNA水平无影响。所有治疗组之间抗氧化酶GPX和CAT的血浆活性无差异。我们的研究结果表明，西瓜在调节脂质和减轻卵巢激素缺乏引起的腰椎骨质流失方面具有一些积极作用。
