Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2022 Jul 4;12:821429. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.821429. eCollection 2022.
The gut microbiota has been shown to play an important role in the pathogenesis of various diseases, including metabolic diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. Recent studies suggest that the gut microbiota is also closely associated with bone metabolism. However, given the high diversity of the gut microbiota, the effects of different taxa and compositions on bone are poorly understood. Previous studies demonstrated that the mechanisms underlying the effects of the gut microbiota on bone mainly include its modulation of nutrient absorption, intestinal permeability, metabolites (such as short-chain amino acids), immune responses, and hormones or neurotransmitters (such as 5-hydroxytryptamine). Several studies found that external interventions, such as dietary changes, improved bone health and altered the composition of the gut microbiota. This review summarises the beneficial gut bacteria and explores how dietary, natural, and physical factors alter the diversity and composition of the gut microbiota to improve bone health, thereby providing potential new insight into the prevention of osteoporosis.
肠道微生物群已被证明在各种疾病的发病机制中发挥着重要作用，包括代谢疾病、心血管疾病和癌症。最近的研究表明，肠道微生物群也与骨代谢密切相关。然而，鉴于肠道微生物群的高度多样性，不同分类群和组成对骨骼的影响仍知之甚少。先前的研究表明，肠道微生物群对骨骼影响的机制主要包括其对营养吸收、肠道通透性、代谢物（如短链氨基酸）、免疫反应和激素或神经递质（如 5-羟色胺）的调节。一些研究发现，饮食等外部干预措施可以改善骨骼健康并改变肠道微生物群的组成。本综述总结了有益的肠道细菌，并探讨了饮食、天然和物理因素如何改变肠道微生物群的多样性和组成以改善骨骼健康，从而为骨质疏松症的预防提供了新的思路。
