Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Department of Internal Medicine, Yekatit-12 Hospital Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2020 Apr 15;20(1):173. doi: 10.1186/s12872-020-01399-z.
In resource poor countries, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are common and form one of the deadly triads, along with hemorrhage and infection, which contribute greatly to maternal and fetal jeopardy.
The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, and determine the effects of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy on the feto-maternal outcomes. It was a descriptive, cross-sectional, retrospective study on randomly selected 615 women who attended delivery at Yekatit-12 Teaching Hospital from 1st of July 2017 -1st of Jan 2018. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20 software. Descriptive statistics were used to calculate rates. Chi-square statistics were used to estimate the associations among selected predictor variables. A p-value < 0.05 was taken as statistically significant.
Out of the 615 study population, the prevalence of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy was found to be 25.4%, of which the majority (52.5%) was severe pre-eclampsia. Eclampsia accounted for 2.6%, and superimposed pre-eclampsia was 2.6%. The rate of severe pre-eclampsia with HELLP syndrome was 7.1% of all mothers with the hypertensive disorders. The majority of mothers with hypertensive disorders (59.6%) had age range of 25-34 years. About 46% of mothers required interventions to terminate the pregnancy either by cesarean section (42.3%) or instrumental deliveries (3.7%) due to conditions related to Hypertensive disorders. The rate of preterm, low birth weight, and low Apgar at 1st and 5minutes accounted for 29.5, 24.4, 22.4 and 16.7% of neonates born to mothers with hypertensive disorders, respectively. Over 10.9% of neonates required resuscitation and 11.5% NICU referral. The rate of still birth was 3.8%.
The prevalence of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy is high in the study area and complicates maternal and fetal outcomes of the pregnancy. To deter its detrimental effects both on fetal and maternal outcomes of pregnancy, antenatal surveillance should be expanded to enable early detection, stringent follow-up and timely intervention in severely affected pregnancies.
在资源匮乏的国家，妊娠高血压疾病很常见，是导致孕产妇和胎儿出现危险的三联症之一，另外两个是出血和感染。
本研究旨在评估妊娠高血压疾病的患病率，并确定其对母婴结局的影响。这是一项描述性、横断面、回顾性研究，对象为 2017 年 7 月 1 日至 2018 年 1 月 1 日在叶卡提特-12 教学医院分娩的 615 名随机选择的妇女。数据使用 SPSS 20 软件进行分析。使用描述性统计计算比率。卡方检验用于估计选定预测变量之间的关联。P 值<0.05 被认为具有统计学意义。
在 615 名研究人群中，妊娠高血压疾病的患病率为 25.4%，其中大多数（52.5%）为重度子痫前期。子痫占 2.6%，重叠子痫前期占 2.6%。伴有 HELLP 综合征的重度子痫前期发生率为所有患有高血压疾病的母亲的 7.1%。患有高血压疾病的母亲中，大多数（59.6%）年龄在 25-34 岁之间。由于与高血压疾病相关的情况，约有 46%的母亲需要干预以终止妊娠，要么通过剖宫产（42.3%），要么通过器械分娩（3.7%）。患有高血压疾病的母亲所生的早产儿、低出生体重儿和出生后 1 分钟和 5 分钟时的低 Apgar 评分分别占 29.5%、24.4%、22.4%和 16.7%。超过 10.9%的新生儿需要复苏，11.5%需要新生儿重症监护病房转诊。死胎率为 3.8%。
该研究地区妊娠高血压疾病的患病率较高，会使妊娠的母婴结局复杂化。为了防止其对胎儿和孕妇妊娠结局的不利影响，应扩大产前监测，以便早期发现、严格随访和及时干预严重受影响的妊娠。
