Laboratory for Research on Advanced Processes for Water Treatment, Unidad Académica Juriquilla, Instituto de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Blvd. Juriquilla 3001, 76230 Querétaro, México E-mail:
Water Sci Technol. 2020 Jan;81(1):190-198. doi: 10.2166/wst.2020.102.
Wine production has increased in recent years, especially in developing countries such as Mexico. This increase is followed by an increase of winery effluents that must be treated to avoid environmental risks. However, little information is available about the characteristics of these effluents and the possible treatments. This paper aimed to characterize the effluents and by-products generated by the Mexican winery industry and to evaluate the performance and stability of the anaerobic treatment using a single-stage and a two-stage process. Results showed that the winery effluents had a high content of biodegradable organic matter, with chemical oxygen demand (COD) values ranging from 221 to 436 g COD/L. The single-stage anaerobic process was able to treat an organic loading rate of 9.6 kg COD/(m d); however, it was unstable and highly dependent on the addition of bicarbonate alkalinity (0.31 g NaHCO/g COD removed). The two-stage process was more stable working at a higher organic load (12.1 kg COD/(m d)) and was less dependent on the addition of bicarbonate (0.17 g NaHCO/g COD removed). The results highlight the potential of the winery effluents to produce methane through anaerobic digestion in a two-stage process, making wine production more sustainable.
近年来，葡萄酒产量有所增加，特别是在墨西哥等发展中国家。这一增长伴随着酿酒厂废水的增加，必须对其进行处理以避免环境风险。然而，关于这些废水的特性和可能的处理方法的信息很少。本文旨在对墨西哥酿酒厂工业产生的废水和副产物进行特性描述，并评估单级和两级工艺中厌氧处理的性能和稳定性。结果表明，酿酒厂废水含有高浓度的可生物降解有机物质，化学需氧量（COD）值范围为 221 至 436 g COD/L。单级厌氧工艺能够处理 9.6 kg COD/(m d) 的有机负荷；然而，它不稳定，高度依赖于碳酸氢盐碱度的添加（0.31 g NaHCO/g COD 去除）。两级工艺在较高的有机负荷（12.1 kg COD/(m d)）下工作更稳定，对碳酸氢盐的添加依赖性较低（0.17 g NaHCO/g COD 去除）。研究结果突出了酿酒厂废水通过两级工艺进行厌氧消化产生甲烷的潜力，使葡萄酒生产更加可持续。
