1st Department of Urology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, School of Medicine, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, 36-1 Nishimachi, Yonago, 683-8503, Japan.
Curr Pharm Des. 2021;27(24):2757-2769. doi: 10.2174/1381612826666200415173537.
Despite the limited evidence about the effect of micronutrient supplementation on the semen quality, many micronutrient supplements have been used to improve male fertility. Approximately, 40%- 50% of male infertility cases in general and up to 80% in men with idiopathic infertility cases are caused by oxidative stress and decreased level of seminal total antioxidant capacity.
To investigate the beneficial effects of micronutrient supplementation on sperm concentration, motility and morphology.
A PubMed, Google Scholar, Embase data, Web of Science and Cochrane Library database extensive research of the randomized controlled studies utilizing micronutrient vitamins and supplements was performed.
The existent international literature is rather heterogeneous and a definitive is difficult to be drawn. Several micronutrients have beneficial effects on sperm parameters. Rational use of micronutrients might be helpful for infertile patients.
Further randomized, controlled clinical trials are required to elucidate the efficacy and safety of micronutrients and propose proper protocols for their use. A well-rounded, balanced diet is more preferable than the widespread use of micronutrient supplements beyond the recommended doses. Future studies should concern the pregnancy rate as a primary outcome in their designs. Further research should be done to determine the appropriate antioxidant compounds, the duration of the treatment, as well as a certain dose of antioxidants in clinical practices. The pre-treatment evaluation of the seminal oxidative status is also an important parameter to proceed with micronutrient supplementation without the risk of reductive stress. Under these conditions, supplements could support the quality of sperm and help to alleviate male infertility.
尽管关于补充微量元素对精液质量影响的证据有限，但许多微量元素补充剂已被用于改善男性生育能力。一般来说，约有 40%-50%的男性不育病例，以及高达 80%的特发性不育病例是由氧化应激和精液总抗氧化能力下降引起的。
研究微量元素补充对精子浓度、活力和形态的有益影响。
对PubMed、Google Scholar、Embase 数据库、Web of Science 和 Cochrane Library 数据库进行广泛的随机对照研究文献检索，使用了微量元素维生素和补充剂。
现有的国际文献相当混杂，难以得出明确的结论。一些微量元素对精子参数有有益的影响。合理使用微量元素可能对不育患者有帮助。
需要进一步的随机、对照临床试验来阐明微量元素的疗效和安全性，并提出适当的使用方案。全面、均衡的饮食比广泛使用推荐剂量以外的微量元素补充剂更可取。未来的研究应该将妊娠率作为其设计的主要结果。需要进一步研究以确定适当的抗氧化化合物、治疗持续时间以及在临床实践中抗氧化剂的特定剂量。在治疗前评估精液的氧化状态也是一个重要的参数，以在没有还原性应激风险的情况下进行微量元素补充。在这些条件下，补充剂可以提高精子质量，并有助于缓解男性不育。
