2013 - 2017年上海市浦东新区感染性腹泻的流行病学及病因学监测
[Epidemiological and etiological surveillance on infectious diarrhea in Pudong New Area, Shanghai, 2013-2017].
作者信息
Wang W Q, Liu D, Zhao B, Fu H Q, Zhang Z K, Yu J X, Ye C C, Xue C Y, Zhu W P, Zhu L Y, Hao L P
机构信息
Department of Microbiology, Pudong New Area Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200136, China; Pudong Institute of Preventive Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200136, China.
Pudong Institute of Preventive Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200136, China; Department of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention and Disinfection Management Section, Pudong New Area Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200136, China.
出版信息
Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi. 2020 Mar 10;41(3):417-422. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2020.03.026.
To understand the epidemiological characteristics of infectious diarrhea pathogens in Pudong New Areas of Shanghai from 2013 to 2017 to provide evidence for control and prevention of the disease. From Jan 2013 to Dec 2017, active surveillance program on diarrhea was conducted in 14 sentinel hospitals (three tertiary-level and nine secondary-level, and two primary-level hospitals) in Pudong New Areas of Shanghai, based on location, catchment areas and number of patients. All recruited outpatients were interviewed in hospitals, using a standard questionnaire. Stool specimens were collected and tested for five viral and eight bacterial pathogens. A total of 9 301 cases with infectious diarrhea were included, and the overall positive rate was 55.7 (5 179). Positive rates of single virus, single bacteria and mixed infections were 26.7 (2 481), 17.0 (1 579) and 12.0 (1 119), respectively. For single infection, the most commonly detected viruses appeared as norovirus (15.4, 1 428/9 301) and rotavirus (7.2, 667/9 301). The most commonly detected bacteria were diarrheagenic (6.7, 619/9 301) and non-typhoid (3.3, 305/9 301). The most common mixed infections were caused by virus-bacteria (4.9, 459/9 301). Norovirus (17.0, 838/4 938) showed the highest positive rates, followed by (7.2, 354/4 938), both seen in the age group of 20-59 years old group. Rotavirus (9.4, 178/1 896) and non-typhoid (4.9, 93/1 896) were the most common pathogens found in the age group of 0-4 years old. The prevalence of norovirus peaked both in spring and autumn. The other peaks were seen as: Rotavirus in winter, diarrheagenic in summer and non-typhoid in summer. Our data showed that the positive rates of infectious diarrhea pathogens were high in Pudong New Areas of Shanghai from 2013 to 2017. The dominant pathogens would include norovirus, rotavirus and diarrheagenic but with differenct distributions in age groups. Obvious seasonal patterns were also observed.
了解2013年至2017年上海市浦东新区感染性腹泻病原体的流行病学特征，为该病的防控提供依据。2013年1月至2017年12月，根据地理位置、服务区域和患者数量，在上海市浦东新区的14家哨点医院（3家三级医院、9家二级医院和2家一级医院）开展腹泻主动监测项目。所有招募的门诊患者在医院接受访谈，使用标准问卷。采集粪便标本，检测5种病毒和8种细菌病原体。共纳入9301例感染性腹泻病例，总体阳性率为55.7%（5179例）。单一病毒、单一细菌和混合感染的阳性率分别为26.7%（2481例）、17.0%（1579例）和12.0%（1119例）。对于单一感染，最常检测到的病毒为诺如病毒（15.4%，1428/9301）和轮状病毒（7.2%，667/9301）。最常检测到的细菌为致泻性大肠杆菌（6.7%，619/9301）和非伤寒沙门氏菌（3.3%，305/9301）。最常见的混合感染是由病毒-细菌引起的（4.9%，459/9301）。诺如病毒（17.0%，838/4938）的阳性率最高，其次是[此处原文缺失一种病原体名称]（7.2%，354/4938），两者在20-59岁年龄组中最为常见。轮状病毒（9.4%，178/1896）和非伤寒沙门氏菌（4.9%，93/1896）是0-4岁年龄组中最常见的病原体。诺如病毒的流行高峰出现在春季和秋季。其他高峰为：冬季的轮状病毒、夏季的致泻性大肠杆菌和夏季的非伤寒沙门氏菌。我们的数据显示，2013年至2017年上海市浦东新区感染性腹泻病原体的阳性率较高。主要病原体包括诺如病毒、轮状病毒和致泻性大肠杆菌，但在年龄组中的分布有所不同。还观察到明显的季节性模式。
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