Johnson E M, Christian M S, Hoberman A M, DeMarco C J, Kilpper R, Mermelstein R
Department of Anatomy, Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107.
Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1988 Nov;11(4):691-702. doi: 10.1016/0272-0590(88)90132-7.
The developmental toxicity of tellurium was evaluated in Crl Sprague-Dawley rats and New Zealand white rabbits by means of standard segment II-type studies. Groups of pregnant rats were fed a diet containing 0, 30, 300, 3000, or 15,000 ppm of tellurium on Days 6 through 15 of gestation (microscopic detection of sperm in a smear of vaginal contents considered as Day 0), and artificially inseminated rabbits were fed a diet containing 0, 17.5, 175, 1750, and 5250 ppm of tellurium during Days 6 through 18 of gestation (day of insemination considered as Day 0). Signs of maternal toxicity were observed during the treatment period in a statistically significant and dose-related manner at dietary concentrations of 300 ppm and greater in rats and 1750 ppm and greater in rabbits. Exposure of these pregnant rats and rabbits to tellurium had no effect upon reproduction as measured by pregnancy rate, litter size, dead or resorbed implantations, or fetal sex ratio. Both skeletal (primarily skeletal maturational delays) and soft tissue malformations (primarily hydrocephalus) were noted in the offspring of pregnant rats exposed to the highest levels (3000 and 15,000 ppm) of tellurium. Rabbit fetuses of the highest dosage group (5250 ppm) had a slightly elevated evidence of skeletal delays and nonspecific abnormalities. Since maternal toxicity was observed at dosages that did not affect the developing conceptus, there were no indications of unique developmental susceptibility upon exposure of pregnant rats or rabbits to tellurium.
通过标准的第二阶段研究方法，在Crl斯普拉格-道利大鼠和新西兰白兔中评估了碲的发育毒性。在妊娠第6至15天（将阴道内容物涂片显微镜下检测到精子视为第0天），给怀孕大鼠组喂食含0、30、300、3000或15000 ppm碲的饲料；在妊娠第6至18天（将授精日视为第0天），给人工授精的兔子喂食含0、17.5、175、1750和5250 ppm碲的饲料。在大鼠饮食浓度为300 ppm及以上、兔子饮食浓度为1750 ppm及以上时，在治疗期间观察到母体毒性迹象，且具有统计学意义和剂量相关性。这些怀孕大鼠和兔子接触碲后，通过妊娠率、窝仔数、死亡或吸收的着床数或胎儿性别比衡量，对繁殖没有影响。在接触最高水平（3000和15000 ppm）碲的怀孕大鼠后代中，观察到骨骼（主要是骨骼成熟延迟）和软组织畸形（主要是脑积水）。最高剂量组（5250 ppm）的兔胎儿骨骼延迟和非特异性异常的证据略有增加。由于在不影响发育中的胚胎的剂量下观察到母体毒性，没有迹象表明怀孕大鼠或兔子接触碲后具有独特的发育易感性。
