Stewart-Savage J, Bavister B D
Department of Veterinary Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison.
Gamete Res. 1988 Sep;21(1):1-10. doi: 10.1002/mrd.1120210102.
Gamete concentrations can be expressed as either absolute gamete ratios (sperm/egg), the concentration of the motile sperm (sperm/ml), or as a relative gamete ratio (sperm/egg x ml). We demonstrate that the success of hamster fertilization in vitro is a function of the relative gamete ratio and that any effect of the insemination medium geometry is minimal. Consistent fertilization occurs when the relative gamete ratio is above 10(3.5) sperm/egg x ml, but becomes variable above 10(5.0) sperm/egg x ml. At suboptimal relative gamete ratios, there is a strong sperm concentration effect on both the consistency and level of fertilization, whereas the absolute gamete ratio only affects the overall level of fertilization. These effects are seen when the sperm concentration is below 10(3.5) sperm/ml and when the absolute gamete ratio is below 10(2.3) sperm/egg. These influences are probably due to reduced sperm survival at low sperm concentrations and due to a sampling error that occurs when small numbers of sperm are transferred. When the absolute gamete ratios found in vivo in the hamster [Cummins and Yanagimachi, 1982, Gamete Res 5, 239-256] are converted to relative gamete ratios, they are similar to our in vitro results. Thus relative gamete ratios allow, for the first time, comparison between in vitro and in vivo data in the hamster, and between other rodents.
配子浓度可以表示为绝对配子比例（精子/卵子）、活动精子的浓度（精子/毫升），或者相对配子比例（精子/卵子×毫升）。我们证明，仓鼠体外受精的成功率是相对配子比例的函数，而授精介质几何形状的任何影响都微乎其微。当相对配子比例高于10(3.5)精子/卵子×毫升时会发生一致的受精，但在高于10(5.0)精子/卵子×毫升时则变得不稳定。在次优相对配子比例下，精子浓度对受精的一致性和水平都有很强的影响，而绝对配子比例仅影响总体受精水平。当精子浓度低于10(3.5)精子/毫升且绝对配子比例低于10(2.3)精子/卵子时会出现这些影响。这些影响可能是由于低精子浓度下精子存活率降低以及少量精子转移时发生的抽样误差所致。当将仓鼠体内发现的绝对配子比例[卡明斯和柳町，1982年，配子研究5，239 - 256]转换为相对配子比例时，它们与我们的体外结果相似。因此，相对配子比例首次允许在仓鼠体内和体外数据之间以及其他啮齿动物之间进行比较。
