South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
J Evid Based Integr Med. 2020 Jan-Dec;25:2515690X20913267. doi: 10.1177/2515690X20913267.
Food-medicine plants play an important role in providing nutrition and treating chronic diseases, especially in many minority communities and developing regions. The coastal region of South China has abundant resources of medicinal plants. A long history of cross-cultural medicinal practices among different minority groups has facilitated the development of a remarkable dietary culture by using food-medicine plants. However, integrative ethnobotanical research on both nutritional and functional properties of the food-medicine plants in this region is still limited. In this study, 27 commonly used wild food-medicine plants were recorded and analyzed from the coastal region of South China. Most of them are good sources for calcium (47.83-1099.89 mg/100 g fresh weight), dietary fiber (3.00-31.87 mg/100 g fresh weight), iron (1.17-24.73 mg/100 g fresh weight), and vitamin C (0.44-68.32 mg/100 g fresh weight). has the highest average nutritive value and is also considered to be good sources for proteins (7.90 g/100 g fresh weight). Medicinal properties of the studied species can be classified into 8 categories: treatment of the damp-heat syndrome, digestive diseases, urologic diseases, arthropathy, respiratory diseases, gynecological diseases, snake or insect bites, and uses as a tonic. Treating the damp-heat syndrome or expelling warm pathogenic factors is the most commonly used ethnomedicinal practice in the study area. The present study highlights that the local ethnomedicinal practices are deeply influenced by local natural conditions and customs. Food-medicine plants with superior key nutrients have been used regularly in the diet as medicinal food to alleviate common endemic diseases.
食用-药用植物在提供营养和治疗慢性病方面发挥着重要作用，尤其是在许多少数民族社区和发展中地区。中国南方沿海地区拥有丰富的药用植物资源。不同少数民族之间长期的跨文化药用实践促进了利用食用-药用植物发展出显著的饮食文化。然而，该地区食用-药用植物在营养和功能特性方面的综合民族植物学研究仍然有限。在这项研究中，记录和分析了来自中国南方沿海地区的 27 种常用野生食用-药用植物。它们大多是钙（47.83-1099.89mg/100g 鲜重）、膳食纤维（3.00-31.87mg/100g 鲜重）、铁（1.17-24.73mg/100g 鲜重）和维生素 C（0.44-68.32mg/100g 鲜重）的良好来源。具有最高的平均营养价值，也被认为是蛋白质的良好来源（7.90g/100g 鲜重）。所研究物种的药用特性可分为 8 类：治疗湿热综合征、消化系统疾病、泌尿系统疾病、关节疾病、呼吸系统疾病、妇科疾病、蛇虫咬伤和滋补品。治疗湿热综合征或驱除温热病邪是该研究地区最常用的民族医学实践。本研究强调，当地的民族医学实践深受当地自然条件和习俗的影响。具有优异关键营养素的食用-药用植物已被常规用于饮食中，作为药食同源物来缓解常见的地方病。
