Sahu Kamal Kant, Mishra Ajay Kumar, Lal Amos
Department of Internal medicine, Saint Vincent Hospital, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America, 01608.
Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester.
Monaldi Arch Chest Dis. 2020 Apr 16;90(1). doi: 10.4081/monaldi.2020.1292.
With each passing day, more cases of Coronavirus disease (COVID-2019) are being detected and unfortunately the fear of novel corona virus 2019 (2019-nCoV) becoming a pandemic disease has come true. Constant efforts at individual, national, and international level are being made in order to understand the genomics, hosts, modes of transmission and epidemiological link of nCoV-2019. As of now, whole genome sequence of the newly discovered coronavirus has already been decoded. Genomic characterization nCoV-2019 have shown close homology with bat-derived severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-like coronaviruses, bat-SL-CoVZC45 and bat-SL-CoVZXC21. Structural analysis of the receptor binding site has confirmed that 2019-nCoV binds with the same ACE 2 receptor protein as human SARS virus. Compared to the previous coronavirus outbreaks, the overall mortality rate is relatively low for COVID-2019 (2-3%). Suspected cases must be quarantined till their test comes positive or they clear infection. At present, treatment of COVID-2019 is mostly based on the knowledge gained from the SARS and MERS outbreaks. Remdesivir, originally develop as a treatment for Ebola virus disease and Marburg virus infections, is being studied for it effectiveness against 2019-nCoV infection. Many other antiviral agents and vaccines are being tested but most of them are in phase I or II and hence unlikely to be of any benefit immediately with regards to current outbreak. Hence, the standard infection control techniques and preventive steps for healthy individuals and supportive care for the confirmed cases is the best available strategy to deal with current viral outbreak. .
随着时间的推移，新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-2019）的病例被发现得越来越多，不幸的是，新型冠状病毒2019（2019-nCoV）成为大流行病的担忧已经成为现实。个人、国家和国际层面都在不断努力，以了解2019-nCoV的基因组学、宿主、传播方式和流行病学联系。截至目前，新发现的冠状病毒的全基因组序列已经被解码。对2019-nCoV的基因组特征分析表明，它与蝙蝠来源的严重急性呼吸综合征（SARS）样冠状病毒、蝙蝠-SL-CoVZC45和蝙蝠-SL-CoVZXC21具有密切的同源性。受体结合位点的结构分析证实，2019-nCoV与人类SARS病毒结合相同的ACE 2受体蛋白。与之前的冠状病毒爆发相比，COVID-2019的总体死亡率相对较低（2%-3%）。疑似病例必须隔离，直到检测呈阳性或清除感染。目前，COVID-2019的治疗主要基于从SARS和MERS爆发中获得的知识。瑞德西韦最初是作为治疗埃博拉病毒病和马尔堡病毒感染而开发的，目前正在研究其对2019-nCoV感染的有效性。许多其他抗病毒药物和疫苗正在进行测试，但其中大多数处于I期或II期，因此对于当前的疫情爆发不太可能立即有任何益处。因此，对于健康个体的标准感染控制技术和预防措施以及对确诊病例的支持性护理是应对当前病毒爆发的最佳可用策略。
