Department of Psychological Science, University of North Carolina at Charlotte.
Atrius Health.
J Occup Health Psychol. 2020 Oct;25(5):297-314. doi: 10.1037/ocp0000180. Epub 2020 Apr 16.
Primary Care Physicians (PCPs) are integral to the health of all people in the U.S. Many PCPs experience burnout, and declines in well-being. We conducted a randomized controlled trial of a six-session positive psychology-based coaching intervention to improve PCP personal and work-related well-being and decrease stress and burnout. Fifty-nine U.S.-based PCPs were randomized into a primary ( = 29) or a waitlisted control group ( = 30). Outcome measures were assessed preintervention, postintervention, and at three and six months post-intervention. Hypotheses 1a-1h were for a randomized controlled trial test of coaching on PCP burnout (a), stress (b), turnover intentions (c), work engagement (d), psychological capital (e), compassion (f), job self-efficacy (g), and job satisfaction (h). Results from 50 PCPs who completed coaching and follow-up assessments indicated significantly decreased burnout (H1a) and increased work engagement (H1d), psychological capital (H1e), and job satisfaction (H1h) for the primary group from pre- to postcoaching, compared to changes between comparable time points for the waitlisted group. Hypotheses 2a-2h were for stability of positive effects and were tested using follow-up data from participants in the primary and waitlisted groups combined. Results from 39 PCPs who completed the intervention and the six-month follow-up indicated that positive changes observed for H1a, H1d, H1e, and H1h were sustained during a six-month follow-up (supporting H2a, H2d, H2e, and H2h). Results indicate that coaching is a viable and effective intervention for PCPs in alleviating burnout and improving well-being. We recommend that employers implement coaching for PCPs alongside systemic changes to work factors driving PCP burnout. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
初级保健医生（PCP）是美国所有人健康的重要组成部分。许多 PCP 经历着倦怠和幸福感下降。我们进行了一项六节基于积极心理学的辅导干预的随机对照试验，以改善 PCP 的个人和工作相关的幸福感，并减少压力和倦怠。59 名美国 PCP 被随机分为主要组（=29）或候补对照组（=30）。在干预前、干预后以及干预后三个月和六个月评估了结果测量。假设 1a-1h 是针对辅导对 PCP 倦怠（a）、压力（b）、离职意愿（c）、工作投入（d）、心理资本（e）、同情心（f）、工作自我效能感（g）和工作满意度（h）的随机对照试验测试。完成辅导和随访评估的 50 名 PCP 的结果表明，与候补组在可比时间点的变化相比，主要组的倦怠（H1a）和工作投入（H1d）、心理资本（H1e）和工作满意度（H1h）在从预辅导到辅导后的显著降低，与候补组在可比时间点的变化相比，主要组的倦怠（H1a）、工作投入（H1d）、心理资本（H1e）和工作满意度（H1h）显著降低。假设 2a-2h 是针对积极效果的稳定性进行的测试，使用主要组和候补组的参与者的随访数据进行测试。完成干预和六个月随访的 39 名 PCP 的结果表明，H1a、H1d、H1e 和 H1h 的阳性变化在六个月的随访中得以维持（支持 H2a、H2d、H2e 和 H2h）。结果表明，辅导是缓解 PCP 倦怠和提高幸福感的一种可行和有效的干预措施。我们建议雇主在对导致 PCP 倦怠的工作因素进行系统改革的同时，为 PCP 实施辅导。
