Laboratory of Marine Plant Ecology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.
Riken Food Co., Ltd., Miyauchi, Tagajyo, Miyagi, Japan.
PLoS One. 2020 Apr 16;15(4):e0231673. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0231673. eCollection 2020.
Gonad size, color, texture and taste of Mesocentrotus nudus sea urchins collected from a barren can be improved by a short-term cage culture while being fed fresh Saccharina japonica kelp during May-July. We investigated the effect of S. japonica feeding during May-July on the improvement of gonad flavor in M. nudus collected from a barren. After feeding, we analyzed the odor-active volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from the gonads using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and GC-sniffing analyses and compared to those from the gonads of wild sea urchins from an Eisenia kelp bed (fishing ground) and a barren. A total of 48 VOCs were detected from the gonads of cultured and wild sea urchins. Of them, a larger number of odor-active compounds were detected in the gonads of cultured sea urchins (25) than in those from the Eisenia bed (14) and the barren (6). Dimethyl sulfide from the gonads of sea urchins from the barren was described as having a strong, putrid odor. Sea urchin-like aromas were attributed to 2-butanol, 2-ethylhexanol, benzaldehyde and ethylbenzene from the gonads of cultured sea urchin and those of the Eisenia bed. Kelp feeding decreased the putrid odor from dimethyl sulfide, and enhanced pleasant, sweet aromas.
从贫瘠海域中采集的光棘球海胆性腺的大小、颜色、质地和味道，可以通过在 5 月至 7 月期间投喂新鲜的裙带菜来短期笼养得到改善。我们研究了在 5 月至 7 月期间投喂裙带菜对从贫瘠海域中采集的光棘球海胆性腺风味改善的影响。投喂后，我们使用气相色谱-质谱联用仪和 GC 嗅闻分析对性腺中的气味活性挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）进行了分析，并与来自裙带菜床（渔场）和贫瘠海域的野生海胆性腺中的 VOCs 进行了比较。从养殖和野生海胆的性腺中共检测到 48 种 VOC。其中，养殖海胆性腺中检测到的气味活性化合物数量多于来自 Eisenia 床（14 种）和贫瘠海域（6 种）的性腺。来自贫瘠海域海胆性腺的二甲基硫具有强烈的腐臭味。2-丁醇、2-乙基己醇、苯甲醛和乙苯等来自养殖海胆和 Eisenia 床的海胆性腺的气味被认为具有海胆样的香气。裙带菜的投喂降低了二甲基硫的腐臭味，并增强了宜人的甜味香气。
