Chokron S, Kovarski K, Zalla T, Dutton G N
Fondation Ophtalmologique A. de Rothschild, Institut de Neuropsychologie, Neurovision et NeuroCognition, Paris, France; CNRS (Integrative Neuroscience and Cognition Center, UMR 8002), Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.
Fondation Ophtalmologique A. de Rothschild, Institut de Neuropsychologie, Neurovision et NeuroCognition, Paris, France; CNRS (Integrative Neuroscience and Cognition Center, UMR 8002), Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2020 Jul;114:201-210. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.04.008. Epub 2020 Apr 13.
From birth, vision guides our movement, facilitates social interaction and accords recognition and understanding of the environment. In children, vision underpins development of these skills, and is crucial for typical development. Deficits in visual processing may lead to impairment of cognitive, motor, and social development, placing children at risk of developing features of autism. Severe early onset visual dysfunction accords the greatest risk. Cerebral Visual Impairment (CVI) can lead to disorders of cognitive and social development that resemble Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Similarly, children who appear primarily affected by cognitive and social developmental disorders, can manifest a range of visual and perceptual deficits that may be contributory to their disorder. This dual perspective highlights the need for links between impaired vision and neurodevelopmental disorders to be identified and acted upon by means of applying appropriate social and educational strategies. There is good evidence to show that targeted systematic screening for visual and perceptual impairments, and implementation of long-term management approaches, is now required for all at risk children.
从出生起，视觉就引导我们的行动，促进社交互动，并使我们能够识别和理解周围环境。对儿童而言，视觉是这些技能发展的基础，对其正常发育至关重要。视觉处理缺陷可能导致认知、运动和社交发展受损，使儿童有患自闭症特征的风险。严重的早发性视觉功能障碍风险最大。脑性视觉障碍（CVI）可导致类似于自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的认知和社交发展障碍。同样，那些主要表现为受认知和社交发育障碍影响的儿童，也可能出现一系列视觉和感知缺陷，这些缺陷可能导致他们的病症。这种双重观点凸显了需要通过应用适当的社会和教育策略，来识别视力受损与神经发育障碍之间的联系并采取相应行动。有充分证据表明，现在需要对所有高危儿童进行针对性的系统视觉和感知障碍筛查，并实施长期管理方法。
