College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
Carbohydr Polym. 2020 Jun 15;238:116180. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116180. Epub 2020 Mar 17.
In this study, the lemon (Citrus limon) seeds as typical agricultural processing wastes were utilized to extract cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) by sulfuric acid hydrolysis (S-LSCNC), ammonium persulfate oxidation (A-LSCNC) and TEMPO oxidation (T-LSCNC). The properties of CNCs were comparatively investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), and atomic force microscope (AFM), and the application in Pickering emulsions was also preliminarily studied. The results showed that all CNCs maintained cellulose Iβ structure and had a good dispersion regardless of extraction methods. Differently, T-LSCNC had a higher yield, larger size and lower CrI than A-LSCNC and S-LSCNC. Comparatively, A-LSCNC showed the highest CrI and S-LSCNC showed the lowest size. For the application of Pickering emulsions, S-LSCNC and A-LSCNC showed a better ability as Pickering stabilizers than T-LSCNC. This study is beneficial for developing the potential utilization of CNCs from lemon by-products.
在这项研究中，利用柠檬（Citrus limon）种子这种典型的农业加工废料，通过硫酸水解（S-LSCNC）、过硫酸铵氧化（A-LSCNC）和 TEMPO 氧化（T-LSCNC）提取纤维素纳米晶体（CNCs）。通过傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）、X 射线光电子能谱（XPS）、X 射线衍射（XRD）、热重分析（TG）和原子力显微镜（AFM）比较研究了 CNCs 的性质，并初步研究了其在 Pickering 乳液中的应用。结果表明，无论提取方法如何，所有 CNCs 都保持纤维素 Iβ结构且具有良好的分散性。不同的是，T-LSCNC 的产率、尺寸和 CrI 均高于 A-LSCNC 和 S-LSCNC。相比之下，A-LSCNC 的 CrI 最高，S-LSCNC 的尺寸最小。对于 Pickering 乳液的应用，S-LSCNC 和 A-LSCNC 作为 Pickering 稳定剂的能力优于 T-LSCNC。这项研究有利于开发柠檬副产物中 CNCs 的潜在利用价值。
