Barnes Katherine Sarah, Smeed Barbara, Taylor Rachael, Hood Victoria, Brooke-Wavell Katherine, Slee Adrian, Ryg Jesper, Masud Tahir
Department of Geriatric Medicine, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK.
Department of Academic Physiotherapy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
J Frailty Sarcopenia Falls. 2018 Sep 1;3(3):128-131. doi: 10.22540/JFSF-03-128. eCollection 2018 Sep.
Sarcopenia is characterised by loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength with adverse outcomes: physical disability, poor quality of life and death. Low muscle mass and strength are risk factors for falls, although there are few data available on the prevalence of sarcopenia in fallers. This study aimed to determine prevalence of sarcopenia in older people referred to a falls clinic.
Consecutive patients referred to a secondary care falls unit were recruited. Sarcopenia was diagnosed using the European Working Group on Sarcopenia definition (low muscle mass and function) and cut-off points. Bio-impedance measured appendicular skeletal muscle mass. Gait speed and grip strength were functional measures.
Fifty-eight patients were recruited. Mean (SD) grip strength for women and men respectively were 17.9 (4.9) and 29.9(8.7) kg, mean (SD) gait speeds were 0.61(0.18) and 0.72 (0.4) m/s, mean (SD) appendicular skeletal muscle index in women and men were 6.98(1.0) and 7.85 (1.0) kg/m (p=0.018). Prevalence of sarcopenia was 9.8% (95% CI=1.6%-18%).
Sarcopenia, as measured by bio-impedance is not uncommon in older people accessing a secondary care falls clinic. Bio-impedance was simple to perform, although further validation against gold standard methods is needed. As nutritional and exercise interventions for sarcopenia are available, simple methods for diagnosing sarcopenia in fallers should be considered.
肌肉减少症的特征是骨骼肌质量和力量丧失，并伴有不良后果，如身体残疾、生活质量差和死亡。低肌肉质量和力量是跌倒的危险因素，尽管关于跌倒者中肌肉减少症患病率的数据很少。本研究旨在确定转诊至跌倒门诊的老年人中肌肉减少症的患病率。
招募连续转诊至二级护理跌倒单元的患者。使用欧洲肌肉减少症工作组的定义（低肌肉质量和功能）及切点来诊断肌肉减少症。生物电阻抗测量四肢骨骼肌质量。步速和握力为功能指标。
共招募了58名患者。女性和男性的平均（标准差）握力分别为17.9（4.9）千克和29.9（8.7）千克，平均（标准差）步速分别为0.61（0.18）米/秒和0.72（0.4）米/秒，女性和男性的平均（标准差）四肢骨骼肌指数分别为6.98（1.0）千克/米和7.85（1.0）千克/米（p = 0.018）。肌肉减少症的患病率为9.8%（95%置信区间 = 1.6% - 18%）。
通过生物电阻抗测量的肌肉减少症在前往二级护理跌倒门诊的老年人中并不少见。生物电阻抗操作简单，尽管需要对照金标准方法进行进一步验证。由于有针对肌肉减少症的营养和运动干预措施，应考虑采用简单方法来诊断跌倒者中的肌肉减少症。
