Department of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Hull, HU6 7RX, United Kingdom; Current Position: University of Bordeaux, 351 cours de la Libération CS 10004, 33 405, Talence, CEDEX, France.
Department of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Hull, HU6 7RX, United Kingdom.
Environ Pollut. 2020 Aug;263(Pt A):114452. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114452. Epub 2020 Mar 27.
Plastics have been widely reported to be present in the environment yet there are still many questions regarding the extent of this and the impacts these may have on both the environment and human health. The purpose of this investigation is to determine levels of micro and mesoplastic (MP), in the 1-5000 μm range, in commercially important species of finfish and shellfish. Additionally, to determine and compare the relative MP levels in edible versus non-edible tissues, and consider the wider implications in terms of human health concerns with a preliminary risk identification approach. For several fish species, samples taken from typically non-edible (gills, digestive system) and edible (muscle) flesh, and were analysed separately. Scallops, where all tissues are edible, were analysed whole. Significant differences were observed in the number of particles isolated from the finfish gills and digestive tissues relative to the control samples, but not in the edible flesh. For scallops, the abundance of particles in the Scottish samples did not vary significantly from the control, while the Patagonian scallops displayed significantly higher numbers of MPs. Characterisation of MPs by FTIR microscopy found that 16-60% (depending on species) were polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyethylene (PE) in origin. The risk identification results validate MPs as an emerging risk in the food chain and establish seafood as a vector for the exposure and uptake of MPs through the ingestion route for humans. Levels of MPs in seafood, and a direct link to the human food chain, suggests that their quantification be included as one food safety measure.
塑料已被广泛报道存在于环境中，但仍有许多关于其存在程度以及这些塑料对环境和人类健康可能产生的影响的问题。本研究的目的是确定商业上重要的鱼类和贝类物种中 1-5000 μm 范围内的微塑料和中塑料（MP）的水平。此外，还确定并比较了可食用组织与不可食用组织中相对 MP 水平，并通过初步风险识别方法考虑了人类健康问题的更广泛影响。对于几种鱼类，分别分析了通常不可食用（鳃、消化系统）和可食用（肌肉）组织中的样本。所有组织都可食用的扇贝则被整体分析。与对照样本相比，从鱼类鳃和消化组织中分离出的颗粒数量存在显著差异，但在可食用的肌肉组织中则没有。对于扇贝，苏格兰样本中的颗粒丰度与对照样本相比没有显著差异，而巴塔哥尼亚扇贝则显示出明显更高数量的 MPs。通过傅里叶变换红外显微镜对 MPs 进行的特征分析发现，16-60%（取决于物种）的 MPs 来自于聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）和聚乙烯（PE）。风险识别结果证实 MPs 是食物链中的一个新兴风险，并确定海鲜是人类通过摄入途径接触和摄入 MPs 的载体。海鲜中的 MPs 水平及其与人类食物链的直接联系表明，应将其定量作为食品安全措施之一。
