CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa, 403 004, India.
CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa, 403 004, India.
Chemosphere. 2021 May;270:129359. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.129359. Epub 2020 Dec 24.
The present study exhibits the occurrence of MPs in different matrices (water, sediment and biota) from the Sal estuary, Goa, situated on the central west coast of India. The average numbers of MPs in the water column and sediment were 48 ± 19 MP particles/L (MPs/L) and 3950 ± 930 MP particles/kg (MPs/kg), respectively. In shellfish (whole soft tissue), the average concentrations of MPs were 4 ± 2 (Crassostrea sp.), 3.2 ± 1.8 (Perna viridis) and 0.7 ± 0.3 (Paphia malbarica) MPs/g body weight (bw), respectively. The highest MPs were recorded in finfish (gastro-intestinal tract) (Mugil cephalus)7.8 ± 4, followed by (Gerres filamentosus) 5.3 ± 4.9, (Arius jella) 4.6 ± 2.6, and (Etroplus suratensis)1.4 ± 0.3 MP/g bw. MP fibres were predominant in all matrices. Interestingly, a dominance of small sized (10-300 μm) MPs was recorded in biota. Among the 37 polymer types identified by μ-FTIR, the most prevalent ones were, polyacrylamide (PAM) , polyacetylene, ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH), polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and polyamide (nylon). Notably, the polymers dominant in the gut of finfish and in whole shellfish were equally prominent in sediment and the water column. This study highlights the presence of MPs in commercially important shellfish and finfish samples from the Sal estuary. This study clearly shows the presence of MPs in various types of marine organisms in the Sal estuary. As shellfish is locally consumed as a delicacy and plays a major role in the seafood industry, the MPs may pose a hazard for human health. There is also an ecological risk as MPs are also found in water and sediment and in the digestive tract of finfish.
本研究展示了来自印度中西部海岸的果阿萨尔河口不同基质（水、沉积物和生物群）中 MPs 的存在情况。水柱和沉积物中 MPs 的平均数量分别为 48±19 个 MPs/L 和 3950±930 个 MPs/kg。在贝类（整个软体组织）中， MPs 的平均浓度分别为 4±2（Crassostrea sp.）、3.2±1.8（Perna viridis）和 0.7±0.3（Paphia malbarica） MPs/g 体重（bw）。在鱼类（胃肠道）中记录到的 MPs 最高（Mugil cephalus）为 7.8±4，其次是（Gerres filamentosus）为 5.3±4.9、（Arius jella）为 4.6±2.6 和（Etroplus suratensis）为 1.4±0.3 MPs/g bw。所有基质中均以 MPs 纤维为主。有趣的是，在生物群中记录到小尺寸（10-300μm）MPs 的优势。在通过 μ-FTIR 鉴定的 37 种聚合物类型中，最常见的是聚丙烯酰胺（PAM）、聚乙炔、乙烯-乙烯醇（EVOH）、聚氯乙烯（PVC）和聚酰胺（尼龙）。值得注意的是，在鱼类肠道和整个贝类中占主导地位的聚合物在沉积物和水柱中同样突出。本研究强调了萨尔河口商业上重要的贝类和鱼类样本中 MPs 的存在。本研究清楚地表明，在萨尔河口的各种海洋生物中都存在 MPs。由于贝类作为美食在当地被消费，并在海鲜行业中发挥着重要作用，因此 MPs 可能对人类健康构成威胁。由于 MPs 也存在于水和沉积物以及鱼类的消化道中，因此也存在生态风险。
