Department of Animal Diversity and Resources, Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria.
National Horse Association, Sofia, Bulgaria.
J Equine Vet Sci. 2020 May;88:102933. doi: 10.1016/j.jevs.2020.102933. Epub 2020 Jan 22.
It is well known that horse breeding in Bulgaria is a cultural heritage in Bulgaria, dating from prehistoric and historic times. Until now, molecular data on Bulgarian horses from the plain regions of the country were not available. Therefore, for the first time, we have collected genetic information about some modern horse breeds from the plain regions in Bulgaria. A total of 50 horses originating from different families from two different breeds were investigated: the first one was the Pleven horse (n = 11, breeding in the Danubian Plain), and the second one was the East Bulgarian horse breed (n = 39, Shumen district). These breeds were genotyped according to the mitochondrial D-loop region. The results showed that the Pleven horse particularly carries the European haplogroup L (45.45%), followed by the Middle East haplogroup C (27.27%). In contrast to the Pleven horse, the East Bulgarian horse breed revealed almost equal frequencies of the European specific haplogroup L (33.33%) and the Central Asiatic haplogroup Q (35.90%). Analyses of these two horse breeds revealed a specific genetic profile, but it is obvious that the East Bulgarian horse showed an unusual, mixed profile-a massive admixture with the Asiatic-type haplogroup Q and a high haplogroup diversity. In conclusion, the differences in genetic structure of the two plain horse breeds may be explained with the various horse breeds involved in their formation.
众所周知，保加利亚的马种培育是保加利亚的文化遗产，可以追溯到史前和历史时期。到目前为止，该国平原地区的保加利亚马的分子数据尚不清楚。因此，我们首次收集了保加利亚平原地区一些现代马种的遗传信息。总共调查了来自两个不同品种的不同家庭的 50 匹马：第一种是普列文马（n=11，在多瑙河平原繁殖），第二种是保加利亚东部马种（n=39，舒门区）。这些品种根据线粒体 D 环区域进行了基因分型。结果表明，普列文马特别携带欧洲单倍群 L（45.45%），其次是中东单倍群 C（27.27%）。与普列文马相反，保加利亚东部马种显示出几乎相等的欧洲特定单倍群 L（33.33%）和中亚单倍群 Q（35.90%）的频率。对这两个马种的分析显示出特定的遗传特征，但显然保加利亚东部马种显示出异常的、混合的特征——与亚洲型单倍群 Q 大量混合，并且单倍群多样性很高。总之，两种平原马种遗传结构的差异可以用其形成过程中涉及的不同马种来解释。
