Department of Restorative, Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Department of Periodontology and Operative Dentistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
J Endod. 2020 Jun;46(6):801-809. doi: 10.1016/j.joen.2020.03.002. Epub 2020 Apr 15.
The aim of this study was to systematically revise the root canal configuration (RCC) literature and to investigate the root canal morphology of mandibular first premolars (Ma1Ps) of 2 populations by means of micro-computed tomographic imaging.
This systematic review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines including RCC randomized controlled trials and cross-sectional, cohort, comparative, validation, and evaluation studies. Furthermore, the RCC, physiological foramina, the frequency of accessory and connecting canals, and the physiological foramina morphology of 109 Ma1Ps were investigated by means of micro-computed tomographic imaging. The RCC results are described using a 4-digit system code.
The most frequent RCCs observed were 1-1-1/1 (70.6%), 1-1-2/2 (7.3%), 1-2-2/2 (7.3%), and 1-2-1/1 (5.5%). Accessory canals were observed in 31.2%. Connecting canals were observed in 1-1-2/2 (4.6%), 1-2-2/2 (4.6%), 1-1-2/1 (1.8%), and 1-2-1/1 (1.8%) RCCs. Accessory foramina were observed in 52.3%; 30.3% of the Ma1Ps had 1 accessory foramen, 12.8% had 2, 2.8% had 3, 2.8% had 4, 2.8% had 5, and 0.92% had 6. The narrow and wide diameter mean of 136 physiological foramina was 0.28 mm (±0.9) and 0.37 mm (±0.11) when only 1 physiological foramen was present.
This study provides detailed root canal morphology of Ma1Ps in a Swiss-German population. Within the limitations of the study, the authors recommend a final physiological foramen preparation size of instrument tip sizes 30-40; yet, such a decision should be carefully considered on an individual basis.
本研究的目的是通过使用微计算机断层扫描成像系统对 2 个人群的下颌第一前磨牙（Ma1Ps）的根管形态进行系统修订，并对其根管形态进行研究。
本系统综述遵循《系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目》指南，包括根管形态随机对照试验和横断面、队列、比较、验证和评估研究。此外，还通过微计算机断层扫描成像对 109 颗 Ma1Ps 的根管形态、生理孔、副根管和交通根管的发生率以及生理孔形态进行了研究。根管形态结果采用 4 位数字系统代码进行描述。
观察到的最常见的根管形态为 1-1-1/1（70.6%）、1-1-2/2（7.3%）、1-2-2/2（7.3%）和 1-2-1/1（5.5%）。副根管的发生率为 31.2%。交通根管的发生率在 1-1-2/2（4.6%）、1-2-2/2（4.6%）、1-1-2/1（1.8%）和 1-2-1/1（1.8%）的根管形态中观察到。副根管的发生率为 52.3%；52.3%的 Ma1Ps 有 1 个副根管，12.8%有 2 个，2.8%有 3 个，2.8%有 4 个，2.8%有 5 个，0.92%有 6 个。当只有 1 个生理孔存在时，136 个生理孔的狭窄和宽径平均值分别为 0.28 毫米（±0.9）和 0.37 毫米（±0.11）。
本研究提供了瑞士-德国人群下颌第一前磨牙的详细根管形态。在研究的限制范围内，作者建议最终生理孔预备尺寸为器械尖端尺寸 30-40；然而，这样的决定应该在个体的基础上仔细考虑。
