Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Department of Anesthesiology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada.
Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Montreal Children's Hospital, Montreal, Canada; Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada.
Semin Fetal Neonatal Med. 2020 Aug;25(4):101112. doi: 10.1016/j.siny.2020.101112. Epub 2020 Apr 11.
Fetal inflammatory response syndrome (FIRS) is a condition defined by systemic inflammation in the fetus, a rapid increase of pro-inflammatory cytokines into the fetal circulation (including interleukin-1 and interleukin-6), as well as a cellular response (such as increased neutrophils, monocyte/macrophages, and T cells) and the presence of funisitis. FIRS can lead to death and multisystem organ damage in the fetus and newborn. Brain injuries and subsequent risk of cerebral palsy and cognitive impairments are the most threatening long-term complications. This paper reviews the definition of FIRS, summarizes its associated complications, briefly describes the available methods to study FIRS, and discusses in more detail the potential therapeutic candidates that have been so far studied to protect the fetus/newborn from FIRS and to alleviate its associated complications and sequelae.
胎儿炎症反应综合征（FIRS）是一种以胎儿全身炎症为特征的疾病，胎儿血液循环中促炎细胞因子（包括白细胞介素-1 和白细胞介素-6）迅速增加，同时伴有细胞反应（如中性粒细胞、单核细胞/巨噬细胞和 T 细胞增多）和脐带炎。FIRS 可导致胎儿和新生儿死亡和多系统器官损伤。脑损伤及随后脑瘫和认知障碍的风险是最具威胁的长期并发症。本文回顾了 FIRS 的定义，总结了其相关并发症，简要描述了目前用于研究 FIRS 的方法，并更详细地讨论了迄今为止为保护胎儿/新生儿免受 FIRS 及其相关并发症和后遗症而研究的潜在治疗候选药物。
