母乳中的碳水化合物组成及其对婴儿健康的影响。
Carbohydrate composition in breast milk and its effect on infant health.
机构信息
Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
出版信息
Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2020 Jul;23(4):277-281. doi: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000000658.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
This narrative review presents the current state of available evidence regarding the role of breast milk carbohydrates on infant outcomes, with a primary focus on growth and body composition.
RECENT FINDINGS
To date, there is a paucity of available data that exists in this realm. The current literature focuses on the role of two carbohydrate fractions in breast milk, and their relationships with infant outcomes in the first six months of life: oligosaccharides and fructose. A small but growing body of research indicates robust associations of both oligosaccharides and fructose in breast milk with infant weight and length, as well as bone, fat, and lean mass. There is also emerging evidence to support the role of these same carbohydrate fractions in breast milk in infant cognitive development.
SUMMARY
The present state of the science suggests that oligosaccharides and fructose in breast milk play a role in infant growth and body composition and introduces intriguing associations of these two carbohydrate fractions with infant cognitive development as well.
目的综述
本篇综述呈现了目前有关母乳碳水化合物对婴儿结局影响的证据现状，主要关注生长和身体成分。
最近发现
迄今为止，这一领域的数据非常有限。目前的文献主要关注母乳中两种碳水化合物成分及其与婴儿出生后 6 个月内结局的关系：低聚糖和果糖。越来越多的研究表明，母乳中的低聚糖和果糖与婴儿的体重和身长以及骨骼、脂肪和瘦体重均有密切关联。同样有新的证据支持母乳中这两种碳水化合物成分在婴儿认知发育中的作用。
总结
目前的科学研究表明，母乳中的低聚糖和果糖在婴儿生长和身体成分中发挥作用，并提示这两种碳水化合物成分与婴儿认知发育也存在关联。
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