Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand.
Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 2 rue Michel Ange, 75016, Paris, France.
Ageing Res Rev. 2020 Jul;60:101062. doi: 10.1016/j.arr.2020.101062. Epub 2020 Apr 15.
Although it has been initially synthesized for therapeutic purposes and currently FDA-approved and prescribed for obesity, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, narcolepsy and depression, methamphetamine became a recreational drug that is nowadays massively manufactured illegally. Because it is a powerful and extremely addictive psychotropic agent, its abuse has turned out to become a major health problem worldwide. Importantly, the numerous effects triggered by this drug induce neurotoxicity in the brain ultimately leading to serious neurological impairments, tissue damage and neuropsychological disturbances that are reminiscent to most of the symptoms observed in Alzheimer's disease and other pathological manifestations in aging brain. In this context, there is a growing number of compelling evidence linking methamphetamine abuse with a higher probability of developing premature Alzheimer's disease and consequent neurodegeneration. This review proposes to establish a broad assessment of the effects that this drug can generate at the cellular and molecular levels in connection with the development of the age-related Alzheimer's disease. Altogether, the objective is to warn against the long-term effects that methamphetamine abuse may convey on young consumers and the increased risk of developing this devastating brain disorder at later stages of their lives, but also to discuss a more recently emerging concept suggesting a possible use of methamphetamine for treating this pathology under proper and strictly controlled conditions.
尽管它最初是为治疗目的而合成的，目前已获得美国食品和药物管理局（FDA）批准并用于治疗肥胖症、注意力缺陷多动障碍、嗜睡症和抑郁症，但冰毒已成为一种娱乐性药物，目前正在大规模非法制造。由于它是一种强大且极易上瘾的精神药物，其滥用已成为全球范围内的一个主要健康问题。重要的是，这种药物引发的诸多作用会导致大脑中的神经毒性，最终导致严重的神经损伤、组织损伤和神经心理障碍，这些症状与阿尔茨海默病和衰老大脑中的其他病理表现观察到的大多数症状相似。在这种情况下，越来越多的有力证据表明，冰毒滥用与早发性阿尔茨海默病和随后的神经退行性变的发生几率增加有关。这篇综述旨在广泛评估这种药物在与年龄相关性阿尔茨海默病发展相关的细胞和分子水平上可能产生的影响。总的来说，目的是警告年轻人消费者注意冰毒滥用可能带来的长期影响，以及他们在生命后期患上这种破坏性大脑疾病的风险增加，但也讨论了一个最近出现的概念，即在适当和严格控制的条件下，冰毒可能被用于治疗这种疾病。
