Validation of an in vivo electrochemical immunosensing platform for simultaneous detection of multiple cytokines in Parkinson's disease mice model.

Parkinson's Disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative chronic disorder which destroys brain tissue and result in impaired movement. Early diagnosis of PD before the appearance of clinical symptom is vital for effective treatment. High levels of proinflammatory cytokines found in PD patient's brains, as natural inflammation response product, are potential biomarkers for PD detection in the early stage. Herein, we developed an in vivo electrochemical immunosensing device based on glassy carbon rod to simultaneously detect three proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α). The levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α secreted by N2a cells significantly increased within 24 h after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. Under in vivo conditions, the concentrations of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in PD model group achieved by injection of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) intraperitoneally, were significantly higher than those in the control mouse group. The concentrations of three cytokines in vivo/vitro detected by this immunosensing device was comparable to that obtained by ELISA. Furthermore, this deployable immunosensing device was proved to be highly sensitive with the limits of detection (LODs) of 5 pg mL for each cytokine, specific and reliable, suggesting its potential to be a universal immunosensing platform for early identification and diagnosis of PD in vivo in the future.