Cinesi Gómez C, Peñuelas Rodríguez Ó, Luján Torné M L, Egea Santaolalla C, Masa Jiménez J F, García Fernández J, Carratalá Perales J M, Heili-Frades S B, Ferrer Monreal M, de Andrés Nilsson J M, Lista Arias E, Sánchez Rocamora J L, Garrote J I, Zamorano Serrano M J, González Martínez M, Farrero Muñoz E, Mediano San Andrés O, Rialp Cervera G, Mas Serra A, Hernández Martínez G, de Haro López C, Roca Gas O, Ferrer Roca R, Romero Berrocal A, Ferrando Ortola C
Dirección General de Asistencia Sanitaria, Servicio Murciano de Salud. Director del Máster Oficial en Medicina de Urgencias y Emergencias, Murcia, España.
Servicio de Medicina Intensiva y Grandes Quemados, Hospital Universitario de Getafe. CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, CIBERES, Getafe, Madrid, España.
Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim (Engl Ed). 2020 May;67(5):261-270. doi: 10.1016/j.redar.2020.03.006. Epub 2020 Apr 16.
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a respiratory tract infection caused by a newly emergent coronavirus, that was first recognized in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. Currently, the World Health Organization (WHO) has defined the infection as a global pandemic and there is a health and social emergency for the management of this new infection. While most people with COVID-19 develop only mild or uncomplicated illness, approximately 14% develop severe disease that requires hospitalization and oxygen support, and 5% require admission to an intensive care unit. In severe cases, COVID-19 can be complicated by the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), sepsis and septic shock, and multiorgan failure. This consensus document has been prepared on evidence-informed guidelines developed by a multidisciplinary panel of health care providers from four Spanish scientific societies (Spanish Society of Intensive Care Medicine [SEMICYUC], Spanish Society of Pulmonologists [SEPAR], Spanish Society of Emergency [SEMES], Spanish Society of Anesthesiology, Reanimation, and Pain [SEDAR]) with experience in the clinical management of patients with COVID-19 and other viral infections, including SARS, as well as sepsis and ARDS. The document provides clinical recommendations for the noninvasive respiratory support (noninvasive ventilation, high flow oxygen therapy with nasal cannula) in any patient with suspected or confirmed presentation of COVID-19 with acute respiratory failure. This consensus guidance should serve as a foundation for optimized supportive care to ensure the best possible chance for survival and to allow for reliable comparison of investigational therapeutic interventions as part of randomized controlled trials.
2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）是一种由新出现的冠状病毒引起的呼吸道感染，于2019年12月在中国武汉首次被发现。目前，世界卫生组织（WHO）已将该感染定义为全球大流行，应对这种新感染构成了卫生和社会紧急情况。虽然大多数COVID-19患者仅出现轻症或病情不复杂，但约14%的患者会发展为需要住院和吸氧支持的重症疾病，5%的患者需要入住重症监护病房。在重症病例中，COVID-19可能并发急性呼吸窘迫综合征（ARDS）、脓毒症和脓毒性休克以及多器官功能衰竭。本共识文件是根据由来自四个西班牙科学学会（西班牙重症医学学会[SEMICYUC]、西班牙肺科医师学会[SEPAR]、西班牙急诊学会[SEMES]、西班牙麻醉、复苏与疼痛学会[SEDAR]）的多学科医疗保健提供者小组制定的循证指南编写而成，这些提供者在COVID-19及其他病毒感染（包括SARS）以及脓毒症和ARDS患者的临床管理方面具有经验。该文件为任何疑似或确诊患有COVID-19并伴有急性呼吸衰竭的患者提供无创呼吸支持（无创通气、经鼻高流量氧疗）的临床建议。这一共识性指南应作为优化支持治疗的基础，以确保获得最佳生存机会，并便于作为随机对照试验的一部分对研究性治疗干预措施进行可靠比较。
