Laboratorio de Entomología Médica, Departamento de Ciencias de la Naturaleza, Centro Universitario del Sur, Universidad de Guadalajara, Ciudad Guzmán, Jalisco, México.
Cuerpo Académico de Cuencas, Humedales y Sustentabilidad, Departamento de Ciencias de la Naturaleza, Centro Universitario del Sur, Universidad de Guadalajara, Ciudad Guzmán, Jalisco, México.
J Med Entomol. 2020 Sep 7;57(5):1390-1398. doi: 10.1093/jme/tjaa069.
Chagas disease is one of the most important vector-borne diseases in Latin America, including Mexico. Recently, autochthonous cases have also been detected in the United States of America. It is suspected that two subspecies of Triatoma rubida (Uhler), T. r. sonoriana (Usinger) and T. r. uhleri (Usinger), considered efficient vectors of Trypanosoma cruzi Chagas in Mexico, could interbreed and potentially generate offspring with superior biological characteristics. In this study, the biological parameters of T. r. sonoriana, T. r. uhleri and their laboratory hybrids were evaluated. Hybrids of the two subspecies surpassed both parental subspecies, T. r. sonoriana and T. r. uhleri, in three (numbers of required blood meals to molt [16-20], feeding [10.5-17 min] and defecation times [˂1 min post-feeding]) of nine studied biological parameters. Moreover, the hybrids surpassed T. r. uhleri in two additional parameters, development time (298 d) and mortality (39-42%). Both the hybrid and the two parental cohorts had comparable results in the remaining four (onset of feeding, number of obtained females, number of eggs laid, and eclosion rate) of nine studied parameters. Thus, we conclude that hybrid vigor could result in an increased risk of T. cruzi transmission to humans and animals.
恰加斯病是拉丁美洲（包括墨西哥）最重要的虫媒传染病之一。最近，在美国也发现了本地病例。怀疑在墨西哥，两种里奥图瑞亚三角锥蝽（Uhler）亚种，即 T. r. sonoriana（Usinger）和 T. r. uhleri（Usinger），可能会杂交，并可能产生具有更优生物学特性的后代，这两种亚种被认为是克氏锥虫 Chagas 的有效传播媒介。在这项研究中，评估了 T. r. sonoriana、T. r. uhleri 及其实验室杂种的生物学参数。这两个亚种的杂种在九个研究的生物学参数中的三个（蜕皮所需的血液餐次数[16-20]、取食[10.5-17 分钟]和排粪时间[˂1 分钟进食后]）上超过了两个亲种，即 T. r. sonoriana 和 T. r. uhleri。此外，杂种在另外两个参数（发育时间（298 天）和死亡率（39-42%））上也超过了 T. r. uhleri。在九个研究参数中的另外四个（取食开始时间、获得的雌性数量、产卵数量和孵化率）中，杂种和两个亲种的结果相似。因此，我们得出结论，杂种优势可能会导致克氏锥虫传播给人类和动物的风险增加。
