Becario de COFAA, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala S/N, Colonia Casco de Santo Tomás, 11340, Ciudad de México, México.
Laboratorio de Entomología Médica, Departamento de Ciencias de la Naturaleza, Centro Universitario del Sur, Universidad de Guadalajara, Av. Enrique Arreola Silva 883, 49000 Ciudad Guzmán, Jalisco, México.
J Med Entomol. 2022 Jan 12;59(1):99-107. doi: 10.1093/jme/tjab158.
In recent years, concerns about Chagas disease in the United States have increased. Triatomine bug (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) populations are the vectors of the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi Chagas (Trypanosomatida: Trypanosomatidae), which causes Chagas disease, although the route of transmission is considered inefficient in United States. However, more studies on triatomine feeding and defecation behavior are needed. In this study, six related biological parameters from two populations of Triatoma protracta protracta (Uhler) and T. p. woodi (Uhler) from Mexican locations near the U.S. border were evaluated. The four population life cycles were less than 6 mo (161-171 d), with 9-10 blood meals needed to molt. Mortality rates were similar (31-38%) among the four populations. Triatoma p. woodi from Hidalgo, Coahuila was the most aggressive one. Feeding times were over 10 min, increasing with instar in all populations. Defecation behaviors varied among populations. High percentages of male and female fourth- and fifth-instar nymphs of T. p. protracta from Imuris and both populations of T. p. woodi defecated immediately after or <1 min of feeding. Lower percentages were observed for T. p. protracta from Jacumé. Because most parameters were similar among the four populations, independent of their subspecies and their geographic origin, we considered that T. p. protracta and T. p. woodi are efficient vectors of T. cruzi. In contrast, defecation patterns were noticeably different among some of the four triatomine populations studied. Our results highlight the importance of studying the biological parameters of local triatomine populations. They also contribute to increasing the knowledge of North American triatomine behavior and defecation patterns.
近年来，人们对美国的恰加斯病的关注度不断增加。锥蝽（半翅目：锥蝽科）是寄生虫克氏锥虫（动基体目：锥虫科）的传播媒介，会引起恰加斯病，尽管在美国，这种传播途径被认为效率不高。然而，仍需要更多关于锥蝽取食和排便行为的研究。在本研究中，评估了来自墨西哥靠近美国边境的两个地点的两种长红锥蝽（Protractorhinotermes protractus protractus（Uhler））和 T. p. woodi（Uhler）种群的六个相关生物学参数。四个种群的生命周期均不足 6 个月（161-171 天），蜕皮需要 9-10 次血餐。四个种群的死亡率相似（31-38%）。来自科阿韦拉州的哈利斯科州的 T. p. woodi 最为具有攻击性。取食时间超过 10 分钟，在所有种群中随着龄期的增加而增加。排便行为在不同种群之间存在差异。伊库梅的 T. p. protracta 的第四和第五龄若虫以及两个 T. p. woodi 种群的雄性和雌性若虫中，有很大比例的个体在取食后立即或<1 分钟内排便。在伊库梅的 T. p. protracta 中观察到的比例较低。由于大多数参数在四个种群中相似，与它们的亚种和地理起源无关，因此我们认为 T. p. protracta 和 T. p. woodi 是克氏锥虫的有效传播媒介。相比之下，在研究的四个锥蝽种群中，有些种群的排便模式明显不同。我们的研究结果强调了研究当地锥蝽种群生物学参数的重要性。它们还有助于增加对北美锥蝽行为和排便模式的了解。
