Addictions Department, CHU Caremeau, Nîmes, France.
Université Paul Valery-Montpellier 3, Montpellier, France.
Addict Biol. 2021 Mar;26(2):e12907. doi: 10.1111/adb.12907. Epub 2020 Apr 19.
To assess whether changes in sugar intake and craving occur during alcohol withdrawal in humans, we conducted a prospective, observational study in a university hospital addictions treatment center. Recruited patients had severe alcohol use disorder and were hospitalized for 7 days in the short-stay unit for alcohol withdrawal and then for 6 weeks in the rehabilitation unit. During the hospital stay, they had no access to alcohol but had full access to sweet products and beverages in a shop and vending machines located inside the hospital. Alcohol craving was assessed using a visual analogue scale on Days 1, 15, and 45. Sugar craving, sweet products stored by patients in their rooms, and weight were assessed on the same days. Thirty-five patients were included. Sugar craving increased in 14 patients during the hospital stay, whereas no change was observed in the remaining 21. Significant increases in both the amounts of sweet products stored in the patients' rooms (p < 0.02) and weight (p < 0.05) were observed only in the sugar craving group. During the same period, alcohol craving decreased significantly in all patients. Changes in tobacco smoking were not different according to the sugar craving status and therefore cannot explain the observed differences. In conclusion, increased intake and craving for sugar after alcohol withdrawal were observed in 40% of the patients included in our prospective study, and these results were similar to those of a study conducted in the alcohol post-dependent state model in rats.
为了评估在人类酒精戒断期间是否会发生糖摄入量和渴望的变化，我们在一家大学医院的成瘾治疗中心进行了一项前瞻性观察研究。招募的患者患有严重的酒精使用障碍，并在短期住院戒酒病房住院 7 天，然后在康复病房住院 6 周。在住院期间，他们无法接触到酒精，但可以在医院内的商店和自动售货机购买到各种甜食产品和饮料。使用视觉模拟量表在第 1、15 和 45 天评估酒精渴望程度。在同一天评估糖渴望程度、患者在房间内储存的甜食产品以及体重。共有 35 名患者入组。在住院期间，14 名患者的糖渴望程度增加，而其余 21 名患者则没有变化。仅在糖渴望组观察到患者房间内储存的甜食产品数量（p < 0.02）和体重（p < 0.05）显著增加。在此期间，所有患者的酒精渴望程度均显著下降。根据糖渴望状态，吸烟量的变化没有差异，因此不能解释观察到的差异。总之，在我们的前瞻性研究中，40%的患者在酒精戒断后出现糖摄入量和渴望的增加，这些结果与在酒精依赖后模型中的大鼠研究结果相似。
