Slater Anthony T, Schultz Lee, Lombardi Maria, Rodoni Brendan C, Bottcher Chris, Cogan Noel O I, Forster John W
Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, 5 Ring Road, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia.
School of Applied Systems Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia.
Genes (Basel). 2020 Apr 16;11(4):429. doi: 10.3390/genes11040429.
Potatoes are an important human food crop, but have a number of yield limiting factors, including disease susceptibility. (PVY) is found worldwide, and is one of the main virus problems for potato growers. PVY is transmitted by aphids and mechanically by machinery, tools and people, and symptoms are variable across cultivars and strains, including being symptomless in some cultivars. Therefore, breeding resistant cultivars is the best way to control this virus. This study phenotypically screened 74 of the main commercial cultivars and a few other select cultivars grown in Australia, in order to identify sources of resistance to PVY. The cultivars were screened against PVY and PVY, with 23 out of 71 resistant to PVY and 13 out of 74 resistant to PVY, and all these 13 were resistant to both strains. When the phenotypic screening was compared to the results listed on the European Cultivated Potato Database, the majority of results were found to be consistent. We then evaluated three molecular markers RYSC3, M45, and STM0003 for the extreme resistance genes and to validate the usefulness of the markers for marker-assisted selection (MAS) on Australian germplasm. The degree of correlation between the resistance phenotypes and the RYSC3, M45, and STM0003 markers for and conferred PVY resistance was determined. Three cultivars amplified the RYSC3 marker, while the M45 marker amplified the same 3 and an additional 9. Of the 12 cultivars, 11 phenotyped as resistant, but 1 was susceptible. The STM0003 marker was amplified from only 2 cultivars that both had resistant phenotypes. The RYSC3, M45, and STM0003 markers were therefore able to identify all the 13 cultivars that were resistant to both strains of PVY. Therefore, these markers will enable the identification of genotypes with resistance to PVY, and enable PVY resistant parents to be used for the development of superior progeny; these genetic markers can be used for MAS in the Australian potato breeding program.
土豆是一种重要的人类粮食作物，但存在一些限制产量的因素，包括易受病害影响。马铃薯Y病毒（PVY）在全球范围内都有发现，是马铃薯种植者面临的主要病毒问题之一。PVY通过蚜虫传播，也可通过机械（如机器、工具）以及人员进行机械传播，其症状因品种和毒株而异，在某些品种中甚至没有症状。因此，培育抗性品种是控制这种病毒的最佳方法。本研究对澳大利亚种植的74个主要商业品种和其他一些精选品种进行了表型筛选，以确定对PVY的抗性来源。这些品种针对PVY和PVY进行了筛选，71个品种中有23个对PVY具有抗性，74个品种中有13个对PVY具有抗性，并且这13个品种对两种毒株均具有抗性。当将表型筛选结果与欧洲栽培马铃薯数据库中列出的结果进行比较时，发现大多数结果是一致的。然后，我们评估了三种分子标记RYSC3、M45和STM0003，用于检测极端抗性基因，并验证这些标记在澳大利亚种质上用于标记辅助选择（MAS）的有效性。确定了抗性表型与赋予PVY抗性的RYSC3、M45和STM0003标记之间的相关程度。有三个品种扩增出了RYSC3标记，而M45标记扩增出了相同的3个品种以及另外9个品种。在这12个品种中，11个表型为抗性，但有1个易感。STM0003标记仅从两个表型均为抗性的品种中扩增出来。因此，RYSC3、M45和STM0003标记能够识别出所有对两种PVY毒株均具有抗性的13个品种。所以，这些标记将能够鉴定出对PVY具有抗性的基因型，并使抗PVY的亲本能够用于培育优良后代；这些遗传标记可用于澳大利亚马铃薯育种计划中的MAS。
