Webster Linda, Joubert David
1Department of School and Educational Psychology, University of the Pacific, Stockton, CA USA.
2Department of Criminology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ottawa, 125 University, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5 Canada.
J Child Adolesc Trauma. 2017 Jul 7;11(3):327-338. doi: 10.1007/s40653-017-0171-y. eCollection 2018 Sep.
A range of assessment methodologies pertaining to attachment in children have been developed and validated during the past decades. The present study examined the validity of a sequential, profile-centered approach to the assessment of attachment disorganization using a doll play methodology developed by George and Solomon (1990). The sample was composed of sixty-two children between the age of 5 and 12 who had been removed from their family of origin due to abuse or neglect. Latent Markov Models performed on markers of defensive dysregulation (Frightening, Chaos, Constriction) yielded three distinct states, characterized respectively by themes of fear or chaos, presence of at least partial constriction, and absence of segregated system markers across doll play stories. The states generally showed a high degree of stability across scenarios. The Frightening-Chaotic state was positively associated with sexual abuse, placement in a specialized setting and caregiver-reported externalizing problems whereas the Constricted state was associated with placement in a specialized setting and self-reported hyperactivity and attention problems. These results provide support for the validity and clinical utility of this approach to assessing attachment disorganization on the doll play.
在过去几十年里，已经开发并验证了一系列与儿童依恋相关的评估方法。本研究使用乔治和所罗门（1990年）开发的玩偶游戏方法，检验了一种以序列、轮廓为中心的依恋紊乱评估方法的有效性。样本由62名5至12岁的儿童组成，他们因受虐待或忽视而与原生家庭分离。对防御失调指标（恐惧、混乱、收缩）进行的潜在马尔可夫模型产生了三种不同状态，分别以恐惧或混乱主题、至少部分收缩的存在以及玩偶游戏故事中缺乏隔离系统指标为特征。这些状态在不同情境下总体表现出高度稳定性。恐惧-混乱状态与性虐待、安置在特殊环境以及照顾者报告的外化问题呈正相关，而收缩状态与安置在特殊环境以及自我报告的多动和注意力问题相关。这些结果为这种通过玩偶游戏评估依恋紊乱的方法的有效性和临床实用性提供了支持。
