Fraser Jenifer Goldman, Noroña Carmen Rosa, Bartlett Jessica Dym, Zhang Jie, Spinazzola Joseph, Griffin Jessica L, Montagna Crystaltina, Todd Marybeth, Bodian Ruth, Barto Beth
1ZERO TO THREE, 1255 23rd Street, N.W., Suite 350, Washington, DC 20037 USA.
2Child Witness to Violence Project, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA USA.
J Child Adolesc Trauma. 2018 Dec 17;12(3):399-409. doi: 10.1007/s40653-018-0240-x. eCollection 2019 Sep.
Young children who experience abuse, neglect, domestic violence, and other interpersonal forms of trauma are at risk for developing complex psychological trauma. Timely referrals by child welfare services for trauma evaluation and intervention is critical, particularly during the developmentally-sensitive period of birth to three. However, few screening instruments exist that are feasible for implementation in child welfare services and none have reported psychometric data for children under three. The aim of this exploratory, retrospective study was to examine developmental differences in detection rates of two brief trauma screening scales, comparing outcomes for toddlers (age 1 and 2 years) and preschoolers (age 3 to 6 years), using the evaluation data from a statewide child welfare demonstration project. The sample included 151 children ages 1 to 6 participating in evidence-based trauma treatment with their caregivers. More than 80% of children, regardless of age group, met the cut-off on one of the screeners; children who met the cut-off on either screener were significantly more likely to have experienced domestic violence, physical abuse or poly-victimization. Implications for future research are discussed.
遭受虐待、忽视、家庭暴力及其他人际创伤形式的幼儿有发展为复杂性心理创伤的风险。儿童福利服务机构及时转介进行创伤评估和干预至关重要，尤其是在出生至三岁这一发育敏感期。然而，几乎没有适用于儿童福利服务机构实施的筛查工具，也没有报告过三岁以下儿童的心理测量数据。这项探索性回顾性研究的目的是，利用一个全州范围儿童福利示范项目的评估数据，检验两种简短创伤筛查量表在检出率上的发育差异，比较幼儿（1岁和2岁）和学龄前儿童（3至6岁）的结果。样本包括151名1至6岁儿童，他们与照顾者一起接受循证创伤治疗。超过80%的儿童，无论年龄组，在其中一种筛查工具上达到临界值；在任何一种筛查工具上达到临界值的儿童遭受家庭暴力、身体虐待或多重受害的可能性显著更高。文中讨论了对未来研究的启示。
