Vanderzee Karin L, Sigel Benjamin A, Pemberton Joy R, John Sufna G
1Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatric Research Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Child Study Center, 1210 Wolfe Street, Slot 654, Little Rock, AR 72202 USA.
2Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatric Research Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W. Markham Street, Slot 554, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA.
J Child Adolesc Trauma. 2018 Dec 15;12(4):515-528. doi: 10.1007/s40653-018-0244-6. eCollection 2019 Dec.
The period from birth to age six represents a time of significant risk for exposure to trauma. Following trauma exposure, children may experience significant negative and lasting psychological, cognitive, and physical effects. Over the last two decades, the demand for and availability of evidence-based treatments (EBTs) for children under the age of six who have experienced trauma has dramatically increased. Three of the most well-supported and widely disseminated EBTs for early childhood trauma are Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Parent-Child Interaction Therapy, and Child-Parent Psychotherapy. Increasingly, clinicians are receiving training in more than one EBT. This paper provides an overview of each intervention; presents clinicians with various child, caregiver, and environmental factors to consider when deciding amongst these three EBTs; and applies these considerations to three composite cases.
从出生到六岁这段时期是遭受创伤风险极高的阶段。经历创伤后，儿童可能会出现严重的负面且持久的心理、认知和身体影响。在过去二十年里，针对六岁以下经历过创伤的儿童的循证治疗（EBTs）的需求和可获得性大幅增加。针对幼儿创伤的三种最有充分依据且广泛传播的循证治疗方法是创伤聚焦认知行为疗法、亲子互动疗法和儿童-家长心理疗法。越来越多的临床医生接受不止一种循证治疗方法的培训。本文概述了每种干预措施；向临床医生介绍在这三种循证治疗方法中进行选择时需要考虑的各种儿童、照顾者和环境因素；并将这些考虑因素应用于三个综合案例。
