Jain Shikha, Bhan Bhavna D, Bhatt Girish C
Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.
Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India.
J Family Med Prim Care. 2020 Feb 28;9(2):1187-1190. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_958_19. eCollection 2020 Feb.
To study and profile complementary feeding practices and their determinants among children 6-23 months of age in an outpatient hospital setting in Central India: A cross-sectional study.
Total 464 Children, 6-23 months of age, visiting Well baby clinic and Immunization center at AIIMS Bhopal during February 2015 to June 2016, where parents had given consent for participation in the study were included. Children with congenital malformations affecting feeding, cerebral palsy, known chronic systemic diseases, were excluded.
Breastfeeding was initiated within 1 hour in 59.5%. Complementary feeds were given in 84% of children 6-8 month of age. Minimal dietary diversity as determined by WHO was received by 57% of children while minimal meal frequency was present in 86%. Minimal acceptable diet was received by 58% of children. Breastfeeding was continued in 86% children at 1 year of age and 41% children at 2 years of age. Bottle feeding was present in 26% of children. Multivariate regression analysis was done to correlate minimum acceptable diet and various variables affecting the feeding habits. Higher maternal education (adjusted OR: 4.03; 95% CI: 2.35-6.89) and income group (adjusted OR: 2.03; 95% CI: 1.11-3.72) were found to be significant. Joint families had better feeding practices when compared to nuclear families (adjusted OR: 1.72; 95% CI: 1.12-2.64). Homemaker mothers were able to feed their children in more appropriate way (adjusted OR: 3.33; 95% CI: 1.17-6.62).
Well-educated homemaker mother, higher income group, and joint families help in establishing better complementary feeding habits in children less than 2 years. An understanding of the prevalent practices will be helpful in identification of areas that need to be focused upon and reemphasized during counseling the caregivers of the young children to improve their nutritional status, which will also reduce the burden of disease at primary care.
在印度中部一家门诊医院环境中，研究6至23个月大儿童的辅食喂养做法及其决定因素：一项横断面研究。
纳入2015年2月至2016年6月期间在博帕尔全印医学科学研究所母婴保健门诊和免疫中心就诊、父母已同意参与研究的464名6至23个月大儿童。排除患有影响喂养的先天性畸形、脑瘫、已知慢性全身性疾病的儿童。
59.5%的儿童在1小时内开始母乳喂养。84%的6至8个月大儿童添加了辅食。57%的儿童摄入了世界卫生组织确定的最低限度饮食多样性，而86%的儿童进餐频率最低。58%的儿童摄入了最低可接受饮食。86%的儿童在1岁时继续母乳喂养，41%的儿童在2岁时继续母乳喂养。26%的儿童采用奶瓶喂养。进行多因素回归分析以关联最低可接受饮食与影响喂养习惯的各种变量。结果发现，母亲受教育程度较高（调整后比值比：4.03；95%置信区间：2.35 - 6.89）和收入组别较高（调整后比值比：2.03；95%置信区间：1.11 - 3.72）具有显著意义。与核心家庭相比，大家庭的喂养做法更好（调整后比值比：1.72；95%置信区间：1.12 - 2.64）。家庭主妇母亲能够以更合适的方式喂养孩子（调整后比值比：3.33；95%置信区间：1.17 - 6.62）。
受过良好教育的家庭主妇母亲、较高收入组别和大家庭有助于为2岁以下儿童建立更好的辅食喂养习惯。了解普遍做法将有助于确定在为幼儿照料者提供咨询时需要关注和再次强调的领域，以改善他们的营养状况，这也将减轻初级保健中的疾病负担。
