Industrial and Systems Engineering Department, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
Environmental and Occupational Health Department, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
Ergonomics. 2020 Jun;63(6):643-659. doi: 10.1080/00140139.2020.1752820. Epub 2020 Apr 29.
Modern communities face escalating threats from natural disasters. Thus, the resilience of incident management teams (IMTs) during adverse events becomes crucial to protect lives and physical systems. However, prior studies have only partially highlighted factors related to IMT resilience. To provide a holistic understanding of the resilience of the IMTs, this study conducted semi-structured interviews with 10 experienced IMT personnel during Hurricane Harvey. Thematic analysis revealed six characteristics of resilient IMTs during a hurricane event: (i) establishing a common operating picture, (ii) adopting and adapting plans and protocols, (iii) proactive, re-prioritizing, and unconventional decision-making, (iv) enhancing resourcefulness and redundancy, (v) learning for improved anticipation and response readiness, and (vi) inter-organisational relationship to promote IMT functions. As an empirical investigation of the resilience of the IMTs, the findings inform future endeavours for developing incident information technologies and strategies to harmonise pre-established plans with adaptive actions in the field and fostering capabilities to learn from incidents. Resilient incident management teams establish a common operating picture; effectively adopt and adapt plans and protocols; make decisions in an unconventional and anticipatory fashion; constantly re-prioritize goals and tasks; enhance resourcefulness and redundancy; continuously learn skills for improved anticipation and response readiness; and exhibit good inter-organisational coordination and planning skills.
现代社区面临着日益严重的自然灾害威胁。因此，在突发事件中，事故管理团队（IMT）的弹性对于保护生命和物理系统至关重要。然而，先前的研究仅部分强调了与 IMT 弹性相关的因素。为了全面了解 IMT 的弹性，本研究在哈维飓风期间对 10 名经验丰富的 IMT 人员进行了半结构化访谈。主题分析揭示了飓风事件中弹性 IMT 的六个特征：（i）建立共同操作画面，（ii）采用和调整计划和协议，（iii）主动、重新优先排序和非常规决策制定，（iv）增强资源和冗余，（v）学习以提高预期和响应准备，以及（vi）组织间关系以促进 IMT 功能。作为对 IMT 弹性的实证研究，这些发现为未来开发事故信息技术和战略提供了信息，以协调预先确定的计划与现场的适应性行动，并培养从事件中学习的能力。有弹性的事故管理团队建立共同操作画面；有效地采用和调整计划和协议；以非常规和前瞻性的方式做出决策；不断重新优先排序目标和任务；增强创造力和冗余度；不断学习提高预期和响应准备的技能；并表现出良好的组织间协调和规划能力。
