Martins Laura G C, Raimundo Gabriel A S, Ribeiro Nathalia G A, Silva Jose Cleydson F, Euclydes Nívea C, Loriato Virgilio A P, Duarte Christiane E M, Fontes Elizabeth P B
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Institute of Science and Technology in Plant-Pest Interactions, Bioagro, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil.
Front Plant Sci. 2020 Apr 8;11:398. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00398. eCollection 2020.
Begomoviruses ( family) represent a severe constraint to agriculture worldwide. As ssDNA viruses that replicate in the nuclei of infected cells, the nascent viral DNA has to move to the cytoplasm and then to the adjacent cell to cause disease. The begomovirus nuclear shuttle protein (NSP) assists the intracellular transport of viral DNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm and cooperates with the movement protein (MP) for the cell-to-cell translocation of viral DNA to uninfected cells. As a facilitator of intra- and intercellular transport of viral DNA, NSP is predicted to associate with host proteins from the nuclear export machinery, the intracytoplasmic active transport system, and the cell-to-cell transport complex. Furthermore, NSP functions as a virulence factor that suppresses antiviral immunity against begomoviruses. In this review, we focus on the protein-protein network that converges on NSP with a high degree of centrality and forms an immune hub against begomoviruses. We also describe the compatible host functions hijacked by NSP to promote the nucleocytoplasmic and intracytoplasmic movement of viral DNA. Finally, we discuss the NSP virulence function as a suppressor of the recently described NSP-interacting kinase 1 (NIK1)-mediated antiviral immunity. Understanding the NSP-host protein-protein interaction (PPI) network will probably pave the way for strategies to generate more durable resistance against begomoviruses.
双生病毒科对全球农业构成严重限制。作为在受感染细胞的细胞核中复制的单链DNA病毒，新生的病毒DNA必须转移到细胞质，然后转移到相邻细胞才能引发疾病。双生病毒核穿梭蛋白（NSP）协助病毒DNA从细胞核向细胞质的细胞内运输，并与运动蛋白（MP）协同作用，使病毒DNA在细胞间转移到未感染的细胞。作为病毒DNA细胞内和细胞间运输的促进因子，预计NSP会与来自核输出机制、胞质内主动运输系统和细胞间运输复合体的宿主蛋白相互作用。此外，NSP作为一种毒力因子，可抑制针对双生病毒的抗病毒免疫。在本综述中，我们聚焦于高度集中于NSP并形成针对双生病毒的免疫枢纽的蛋白质-蛋白质网络。我们还描述了NSP劫持的兼容宿主功能，以促进病毒DNA的核质和胞质内运动。最后，我们讨论了NSP作为最近描述的NSP相互作用激酶1（NIK1）介导的抗病毒免疫抑制剂的毒力功能。了解NSP-宿主蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用（PPI）网络可能会为产生对双生病毒更持久抗性的策略铺平道路。
