女性自杀真的与男性自杀不同吗？

Are women's suicides really different from men's?

作者信息

Leenaars A A

出版信息

Women Health. 1988;14(1):17-33. doi: 10.1300/J013v14n01_03.

Abstract

The suicide notes of females and males were compared for the presence of 50 classifications (protocol sentences) regarding twelve discrete psychological variables: conscious intention, perturbation, lethality, relations, self-cognitions, truncated cognitions, cognitions regarding an after life, the experience of trauma, fear of insanity, egression, early life stresses, and serial instability. Independent judges noted the incidence of contents corresponding to the protocol sentences in 40 suicide notes, twenty notes for each sex controlled for age. No sex differences were noted. Converging data from Shneidman (1971) and Tomlinson-Keasey, Warren and Elliot (1986) on suicide in gifted women and men was presented to support this negative finding. Although further studies are warranted, it may well be that there are no sex differences on many critical (genotypic) psychological variables in suicide notes and, by implication, suicide.

摘要

对男性和女性的自杀遗书进行了比较，涉及关于十二个离散心理变量的50种分类（协议语句）：有意识的意图、扰动、致死性、人际关系、自我认知、不完整认知、对来世的认知、创伤经历、对精神错乱的恐惧、退行、早年压力和系列不稳定性。独立评判员记录了40份自杀遗书中与协议语句相对应内容的发生率，按年龄匹配，男女各20份。未发现性别差异。呈现了来自施奈德曼（1971年）以及汤姆林森-凯西、沃伦和埃利奥特（1986年）关于天才男性和女性自杀的趋同数据，以支持这一否定性发现。尽管有必要进行进一步研究，但很可能在自杀遗书以及隐含的自杀行为中，许多关键（基因型）心理变量不存在性别差异。