Falanga Annarita, Galdiero Massimiliano, Morelli Giancarlo, Galdiero Stefania
Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine Naples 80134 Italy.
CIRPEB University of Naples Federico II, Via Mezzocannone 16 Naples 80134 Italy.
Pept Sci (Hoboken). 2018 Sep;110(5):e24040. doi: 10.1002/pep2.24040. Epub 2018 Feb 13.
The means used by enveloped viruses to bypass cellular membranes are well characterized; however, the mechanisms used by non-enveloped viruses to deliver their genome inside the cell remain unresolved and poorly defined. The discovery of short, membrane interacting, amphipathic or hydrophobic sequences (known as membranotropic peptides) in both enveloped and non-enveloped viruses suggests that these small peptides are strongly involved in breaching the host membrane and in the delivery of the viral genome into the host cell. Thus, in spite of noticeable differences in entry, this short stretches of membranotropic peptides are probably associated with similar entry-related events. This review will uncover the intrinsic features of viral membranotropic peptides involved in viral entry of both naked viruses and the ones encircled with a biological membrane with the objective to better elucidate their different functional properties and possible applications in the biomedical field.
包膜病毒绕过细胞膜的方式已得到充分表征；然而，无包膜病毒将其基因组递送至细胞内的机制仍未解决且定义不清。在包膜病毒和无包膜病毒中均发现了短的、与膜相互作用的两亲性或疏水性序列（称为膜otropic肽），这表明这些小肽在突破宿主膜以及将病毒基因组递送至宿主细胞中起着重要作用。因此，尽管在进入方式上存在明显差异，但这段短的膜otropic肽可能与类似的进入相关事件有关。本综述将揭示参与裸露病毒和被生物膜包围的病毒进入的病毒膜otropic肽的内在特征，以期更好地阐明它们不同的功能特性以及在生物医学领域的可能应用。
