Manandhar Sunil Raja, Basnet Rydam
Department of Pediatrics, Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital, Sinamangal, Kathmandu, Nepal.
JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc. 2019 Sep-Oct;57(219):287-292. doi: 10.31729/jnma.4550.
Perinatal asphyxia is one of the major causes of perinatal and early neonatal mortality in developing countries. The main objective of this study was to observe the prevalence of perinatal asphyxia in babies born at Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital.
This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted at Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital over six month period (January to June 2019). All preterm, term and post term babies delivered at Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital were included. Ethical clearance was received from Institutional Review Committee of Kathmandu Medical College (Ref.:2812201808). Convenient sampling method was applied. Data analysis was done in Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS 18), point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and proportion for binary data.
A total of 1284 babies delivered over six months period were enrolled in this study and 47 (3.66 %) babies were asphyxiated, at 95% Confidence Interval (2.64%-4.68%). The mean birth weight of asphyxiated babies was 2759.75±65 grams and gestational age was 37.57±2 weeks. Among asphyxiated babies, 15 (32%) babies were normal, 15 (32%) babies were in Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy stage I, 14 (30%) were in stage II and 3 (6%) were in stage III. Twenty Three (49%) asphyxiated babies had antenatal risk factors and all 47 babies had intrapartum risk factors leading to asphyxia.
Prevalence of perinatal asphyxia was lower compared to that of other similar tertiary care hospitals. Perinatal asphyxia remains a major cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality.
围产期窒息是发展中国家围产期和早期新生儿死亡的主要原因之一。本研究的主要目的是观察加德满都医学院教学医院出生婴儿的围产期窒息患病率。
这是一项在加德满都医学院教学医院进行的描述性横断面研究，为期六个月（2019年1月至6月）。纳入所有在加德满都医学院教学医院分娩的早产、足月和过期产婴儿。获得了加德满都医学院机构审查委员会的伦理批准（参考号：2812201808）。采用方便抽样方法。使用社会科学统计软件包（SPSS 18）进行数据分析，计算95%置信区间的点估计值以及二元数据的频率和比例。
在六个月期间共分娩1284名婴儿并纳入本研究，47名（3.66%）婴儿发生窒息，95%置信区间为（2.64%-4.68%）。窒息婴儿的平均出生体重为2759.75±65克，胎龄为37.57±2周。在窒息婴儿中，15名（32%）婴儿情况正常；15名（32%）婴儿处于缺氧缺血性脑病I期；14名（30%）处于II期；3名（6%）处于III期。23名（49%）窒息婴儿有产前危险因素，所有47名婴儿均有导致窒息的产时危险因素。
与其他类似的三级护理医院相比，围产期窒息的患病率较低。围产期窒息仍然是新生儿发病和死亡的主要原因。
