School of Physics and astronomy Shanghai Jiao tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2020 Jul 20;727:138610. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138610. Epub 2020 Apr 17.
The United Nation is achieving its sustainable development objectives by focusing on the greener technologies for waste to energy (WTE) conversion. This necessitates the exploration of every conceivable sustainable route in different sectors. Among these, sustainable bio-economy, electricity, and waste management are the most dynamic areas. However, till now sustainability judgments for the generation of electricity from waste-to-energy supply chain (WTE-SC) technologies have been restricted in scale with respect to the three-dimensional sustainability structure (social, environmental, and economic). In most of the cases, the assessments were controlled by various environmental factors/indicators, via overlooking the economic and social indicators. In this review, we have tried to summarize a variety of state-of-the-art WTE technologies including biological and thermal treatment, landfill gas utilization and biorefineries technologies etc. These technologies can be implemented by various policy makers and agencies to deal with the communities fear before spreading and executing the relevant rules and regulations. The implementation of these rules and regulations for WTE-SC were scheduled to decide the barriers and challenges from the perspective of finance, institution, technology, and regulation.
联合国通过专注于更环保的技术来实现其可持续发展目标，以将废物转化为能源（WTE）。这需要探索不同领域中每一个可行的可持续途径。在这些途径中，可持续生物经济、电力和废物管理是最具活力的领域。然而，到目前为止，废物能源供应链（WTE-SC）技术发电的可持续性评估在规模上一直受到三维可持续性结构（社会、环境和经济）的限制。在大多数情况下，评估受到各种环境因素/指标的控制，而忽略了经济和社会指标。在这篇综述中，我们试图总结了各种最先进的 WTE 技术，包括生物和热处理、垃圾填埋气利用和生物炼制技术等。这些技术可以由各种政策制定者和机构实施，以解决社区在传播和执行相关规则和法规之前的担忧。WTE-SC 的这些规则和法规的实施旨在从财务、制度、技术和监管的角度来决定障碍和挑战。
