Institute of Sport Sciences, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, Katowice, Poland.
Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
BMC Public Health. 2020 Apr 25;20(1):562. doi: 10.1186/s12889-020-08711-8.
Physical activity (PA) in adolescence is crucial for lifelong healthy lifestyle, and attention is needed to adolescents at health risk due to insufficient PA. This study investigates the composition of weekly PA in adolescents by PA level and provides a rationale for change in their lifestyles.
The research was conducted at 66 schools in Poland between 2009 and 2016, among 949 girls and 650 boys aged 15-18 years. We used pedometers to monitor weekly PA with data assessed using the Indares web app. The participants were split into three groups by mean daily step count (lower, < 9000; middle, 9000-12,999; and higher, ≥ 13,000 steps/day), as a reliable and non-expensive indicator of PA.
We did not observe statistically significant differences in composition of 7-day PA between participants with varying levels of PA, regardless of their gender (F = 0.60; p = 0.841; η > 0.000). The smallest differences in daily step counts by PA level were found on Mondays and the biggest on Fridays and Saturdays, in boys and girls; the differences between average school and average weekend days were most pronounced in less active girls (1677 steps/day) and boys (1886 steps/day). During the school week, the highest proportion of less active girls met the 11,000 steps/day recommendation on Fridays (21.9%), statistically significantly less than on other school days (p < 0.001). Similarly, less active boys (22.2%) had significantly less activity on Fridays than on other school days, except for Mondays (p = 0.143) Analogous pattern was apparent also in more active adolescents.
Less active adolescents have comparable composition of weekly PA to the more active ones but they can hardly meet the generally accepted PA recommendations. Better understanding of weekly PA composition and rates of meeting PA recommendations by day of the week can lead to more efficient interventions improving lifestyles. The recommendation of 9000 steps/day most days of the week, thus, appears appropriate for less active adolescents, as a motivating achievable goal.
青少年时期的身体活动（PA）对终身健康生活方式至关重要，由于身体活动不足，处于健康风险中的青少年需要得到关注。本研究通过身体活动水平调查青少年每周身体活动的构成，并为改变他们的生活方式提供依据。
该研究于 2009 年至 2016 年在波兰的 66 所学校进行，研究对象为 15-18 岁的 949 名女孩和 650 名男孩。我们使用计步器监测每周身体活动情况，并使用 Indares 网络应用程序评估数据。参与者根据平均每日步数（<9000 步、9000-12999 步和≥13000 步/天）分为三组，作为身体活动可靠且经济实惠的指标。
无论其性别如何（F=0.60；p=0.841；η>0.000），我们均未观察到不同身体活动水平的参与者之间 7 天身体活动构成存在统计学显著差异。在身体活动水平最低的周一和最高的周五和周六，男孩和女孩的每日步数差异最小；在最不活跃的女孩（1677 步/天）和男孩（1886 步/天）中，平均上学日和平均周末日之间的差异最为显著。在上学周期间，最不活跃的女孩在周五达到 11000 步/天的建议比例最高（21.9%），明显低于其他上学日（p<0.001）。同样，最不活跃的男孩（22.2%）周五的活动量也明显低于其他上学日，除了周一（p=0.143）。在更活跃的青少年中也出现了类似的模式。
最不活跃的青少年每周身体活动的构成与更活跃的青少年相似，但他们几乎无法达到普遍接受的身体活动建议。更好地了解每周身体活动构成和每周各天达到身体活动建议的比率，可以提高改善生活方式的干预效率。因此，对于最不活跃的青少年来说，建议大多数日子达到 9000 步/天，作为一个可以实现的目标，是一个有激励作用的建议。
