Department Clinical Psychology, Royal National Ear Nose Throat and Eastman Dental Hospital, University College Hospital London, 6th Floor West, Ground Floor North, 250 Euston Road, London WN1 2PG, UK; UK & Ear Institute, University College London, 332 Grays Inn Rd, London WC1X 8EE, UK.
Department of Psychology, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK.
Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 2020 Aug;53(4):605-615. doi: 10.1016/j.otc.2020.03.007. Epub 2020 Apr 23.
Tinnitus distress results from a weave of physical and psychological processes. Reducing the power of the psychological processes will therefore reduce the degree of suffering. The main psychological therapy in this context is cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). This seeks to understand and change the influence of thinking processes, including information processing biases, and the behaviors that these motivate, on the experience of tinnitus. The results of systematic reviews and meta-analyses indicate that CBT is the tinnitus management approach for which there is the most robust evidence. In spite of this, it remains difficult to access for people with tinnitus.
耳鸣困扰是由生理和心理过程交织而成的。因此,减轻心理过程的影响将会降低痛苦的程度。这方面的主要心理疗法是认知行为疗法(CBT)。这种疗法旨在理解和改变思维过程的影响,包括信息处理偏差,以及这些偏差所激发的行为,从而影响耳鸣体验。系统评价和荟萃分析的结果表明,CBT 是最有证据支持的耳鸣管理方法。尽管如此,对于耳鸣患者来说,仍然难以获得这种疗法。