Department of General Internal Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital, 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 8128582, Japan.
Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University Medical Center, 750 Welch Road, Suite 210, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA.
Infect Dis Clin North Am. 2020 Jun;34(2):341-358. doi: 10.1016/j.idc.2020.02.009. Epub 2020 Apr 23.
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation can be a serious complication for patients with chronic or resolved HBV infection when treated with biologics. For HBsAg-positive patients receiving biologics, the risk of HBV reactivation is moderate to high. HBsAg-negative/anti-HBc positive patients are at lower risk of HBV reactivation than HBsAg-positive patients. However, patients taking anti-CD20 agents, such as rituximab, have high risk of HBV reactivation (>10%), so antiviral prophylactic therapies are required. This review provides the different classes of biologics associated with HBV reactivation, stratifies the various reactivation risk levels by HBV status and biologic agent, and discusses management strategies.
乙型肝炎病毒 (HBV) 再激活可发生于慢性或已治愈的 HBV 感染者,在接受生物制剂治疗时,可引发严重并发症。HBsAg 阳性患者接受生物制剂治疗时,HBV 再激活的风险为中高度。HBsAg 阴性/抗-HBc 阳性患者发生 HBV 再激活的风险低于 HBsAg 阳性患者。然而,接受抗 CD20 药物(如利妥昔单抗)治疗的患者发生 HBV 再激活的风险较高(>10%),因此需要进行抗病毒预防治疗。本综述介绍了与 HBV 再激活相关的不同类别生物制剂,根据 HBV 状态和生物制剂对各种再激活风险水平进行分层,并讨论了管理策略。