Perron Amélie, Rudge Trudy, Gagnon Marilou
Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Nursing, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (Dr Perron); Sydney Nursing School, University of Sydney, Australia (Dr Rudge); and School of Nursing, University of Victoria, British Columbia, Canada (Dr Gagnon).
ANS Adv Nurs Sci. 2020 Apr/Jun;43(2):114-131. doi: 10.1097/ANS.0000000000000311.
Whistleblowing has been examined from various angles over the past 40 years, but not yet as a matter of epistemology. Whistleblowing can be understood as resulting from the improper transmission of critical knowledge in an organization (eg, knowledge about poor care or wrongdoing). Using the sociology of ignorance, we wish to rethink whistleblowing and the failures it brings to light. This article examines how nurses get caught in the strategic circulation of knowledge and ignorance, which can culminate in acts of whistleblowing. The sociology of ignorance helps understand how whistleblowing is borne out of the complex and strategic circulation of knowledge and ignorance that spells multiple and intersecting epistemic positions for nurses. In particular, various organizational blind spots position nurses as untrustworthy and illegitimate speakers in the "business" of the organization. Organizational failings therefore remain concealed while nurses become hypervisible, both as faulty care providers and as problematic information brokers.
在过去40年里，人们从各种角度审视了举报行为，但尚未将其作为一个认识论问题来研究。举报行为可被理解为是组织中关键知识不当传播的结果（例如，关于护理不善或不当行为的知识）。运用无知社会学，我们希望重新思考举报行为及其所揭示的失败之处。本文探讨了护士是如何陷入知识与无知的策略性循环之中的，而这种循环可能最终导致举报行为。无知社会学有助于理解举报行为是如何产生于知识与无知的复杂且策略性的循环之中的，这种循环为护士们带来了多重且相互交织的认知立场。特别是，各种组织盲点将护士定位为组织“事务”中不可信赖且不合法的发声者。因此，组织的失败之处仍然被掩盖，而护士却变得格外显眼，既作为有缺陷的护理提供者，又作为有问题的信息传播者。
