National Key Laboratory of Human Factors Engineering, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China.
School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.
Ergonomics. 2020 Jul;63(7):884-895. doi: 10.1080/00140139.2020.1762934. Epub 2020 May 7.
Eye movement-based human-computer interactions are emerging in diverse scenarios. When selecting targets on a user interface, the method of combining fast gaze pointing with reliable manual action is becoming increasingly popular. However, this method suffers from noise in gaze pointing caused by eye jitters and users' habitual early move-away of gaze before manual actions. Here we propose a novel solution to mitigate these problems by locking the gaze cursor at the target for imminent manual selection. We compared this gaze-lock cursor with a conventional gaze cursor in a typing task with varying key sizes and key gaps. Results show that typing performance was significantly better with larger key size and gap. More importantly, the gaze-lock cursor significantly increased speed and decreased errors when compared to a conventional gaze cursor. Our findings demonstrate that the gaze-lock cursor is a promising tool for gaze interactions involving frequent target selections. Target selection by gaze pointing and manual confirmation suffers from eye jitters and users' habitual early move-away of gaze before manual actions. The performance of this method can be improved by applying the gaze-lock cursor we proposed, increasing target size or increasing the target gap. WTC: warping to target center; ALCM: automatic lock of cursor movement; LCD: liquid crystal display; EWMA: exponential weighted moving average; ER: error rate; ET: execution time; ED: edit distance; CV: coefficients of variation; ANOVA: analysis of variance; GUIs: general user interfaces.
基于眼动的人机交互在各种场景中不断涌现。在用户界面上选择目标时，快速注视定位与可靠手动操作相结合的方法正变得越来越流行。然而，这种方法受到眼抖动和用户在进行手动操作之前习惯性地提前移开注视的影响，导致注视定位存在噪声。在这里，我们提出了一种新的解决方案，通过在即将进行手动选择时将注视光标锁定在目标上来减轻这些问题。我们在具有不同键大小和键间隙的打字任务中比较了这种注视锁定光标和传统注视光标。结果表明，较大的键大小和间隙可以显著提高打字性能。更重要的是，与传统注视光标相比，注视锁定光标显著提高了速度并减少了错误。我们的研究结果表明，注视锁定光标是一种有前途的用于频繁目标选择的注视交互工具。通过应用我们提出的注视锁定光标、增加目标大小或增加目标间隙，可以提高这种方法的性能。WTC：向目标中心扭曲；ALCM：光标移动自动锁定；LCD：液晶显示器；EWMA：指数加权移动平均；ER：错误率；ET：执行时间；ED：编辑距离；CV：变异系数；ANOVA：方差分析；GUIs：通用用户界面。
