Reconstructive microsurgery of the upper urinary tract.

The applications of microsurgery in the reconstruction of the injured ureter using a double-layer end-to-end anastomosis and in the repair of ureteropelvic junction obstruction using modified pyeloplasty techniques are described in detail. The advantages of the use of microsurgical techniques in reconstructive surgery of the upper urinary tract are elimination of routine urinary diversion, shorter duration of hospitalization and a higher success rate. Therefore, the application of microsurgery is cost-saving.