Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Universidad de los Andes, Chile; Department of Otolaryngology, Voice Center, Las Condes Clinic, Santiago, Chile.
Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Universidad de Valparaiso, Valparaiso, Chile.
J Voice. 2021 Nov;35(6):935.e1-935.e11. doi: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.03.004. Epub 2020 Apr 30.
The present study aimed at observing the effect of tube diameter and vocal tract configuration on frequency, amplitude, and regularity of Poral oscillation caused by bubbling during water resistance therapy (WRT). A secondary objective was to examine the degree of self-perceived sensation of massage-like effect produced by bubbles during WRT.
Forty-two participants were included in this study. Assessment protocol included: (1) self-assessment of massage-like sensation and (2) objective assessment of air pressure-related variables. In the first section, participants were instructed to select and produce a sustained-vowel like phonation into three different tubes (varying inner diameter) submerged 5 cm below the water surface. Also, two different vocal tract configurations were produced by all subjects: (1) horizontal position (regular vocal tract position), (2) vertical position (yawning position with low vertical laryngeal position). Participants were asked to self-assess their massage-like sensation. In the second section, objective measurements of air pressure-related variables were acquired during WRT exercises.
Statistical differences were driven by tube inner diameter for oral pressure oscillation frequency, amplitude, jitter and shimmer and self-perceived massage-like sensation. Vocal tract position generated differences for medium-size tube and large-size tube only for self-perceived massage-like sensation.
Inner diameter of tube and configuration of vocal tract affect bubble characteristics and massage-like sensation during WRT. Larger tube diameters and vocal tract volumes seem to produce more regular bubbles, lower bubble frequency, and larger bubble amplitude, causing a more evident massage-like sensation. Therefore, control of these variables is apparently relevant to obtain the best effect in patients with voice disorders.
本研究旨在观察管直径和声道构形对水疗（WRT）过程中气泡产生的声门波振频率、幅度和规律性的影响。次要目的是检查 WRT 过程中气泡产生的按摩样感觉的自我感知程度。
本研究纳入了 42 名参与者。评估方案包括：（1）自我评估按摩样感觉，（2）与气压相关变量的客观评估。在第一部分中，参与者被指示在三个不同的管（内径不同）中选择并产生持续的元音发音，管的末端在水下 5 厘米处。此外，所有参与者都产生了两种不同的声道构形：（1）水平位置（常规声道位置），（2）垂直位置（张口位置，喉位较低）。参与者被要求自我评估他们的按摩样感觉。在第二部分，在 WRT 运动期间获取与气压相关变量的客观测量值。
管内径对口腔压力振荡频率、幅度、抖动和颤音以及自我感知的按摩样感觉有统计学差异。声道位置仅对中号管和大号管产生差异，仅对自我感知的按摩样感觉产生差异。
管的内径和声道构形会影响 WRT 过程中的气泡特性和按摩样感觉。较大的管直径和声道体积似乎会产生更规则的气泡，更低的气泡频率和更大的气泡幅度，从而产生更明显的按摩样感觉。因此，控制这些变量显然对于患有嗓音障碍的患者获得最佳效果至关重要。
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